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. 2016 Jul 7;226:142–151. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.07.003

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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Fig. 2 — Porcine enteric CoV genes modulating innate immune response. A simplified representation of the main cell pathways activated after CoV infection leading to innate immune response, is shown in the figure. dsRNA is recognized as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) by a set of cellular sensors (TLR-3, DDX1 complex, MDA5, RIG-I, OAS and PKR). The binding of these sensors to dsRNA triggers several signaling pathways leading to type I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The PEDV (in red) and TGEV (in blue) proteins affecting this response are indicated in the figure.