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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2016 Oct 3;68(6):1483–1493. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.07747

Figure 4. Blockade of astrocyte GLT1 transporters occludes AngII-mediated stimulation of presympathetic neuronal activity and sympathoexcitatory outflow from the PVN.

Figure 4

A, Sample of DHK-induced inward shift in Iholding. Note that in the presence of DHK, AngII (0.5 μM) failed to induce any further shift in Iholding. Lower traces show expanded segments of the trace above. B, Summary data showing mean Iholding values in each recording condition (n=6). C, Representative sample showing that ANGII microinjections directly into the PVN of an anesthetized rat (200 pmol) increased heart rate (HR), arterial pressure (AP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA; the integrated (int) and raw traces are shown). The left panel shows continuous traces, whereas the right panel shows segments of traces at expanded time scale. D, Representative traces showing that the ANGII effects were occluded by the simultaneous microinjection of DHK (100 pmol) into the PVN. The left panel shows continuous traces, whereas the right panel shows segments of traces at expanded time scale. E, Summary data showing changes in mean RSNA (% of basal value), MAP (Δ mmHg) and HR (Δ beats/min) evoked by DHK or DHK+AP5 (n=6). *P< 0.05; ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001.