Table 1.
Patient characteristics and final hospital diagnoses comparing patients transported by self and by ambulance to the ED (n=1299).
| Total (n=1299)(%) | Self (n=915)(%) | Ambulance (n=384)(%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), SD | 1299 | 62.6±14.9 | 67.3±15.4 | <0.001 |
| Male | 606(46.7) | 411(44.9) | 195(50.8) | 0.06 |
| Female | 693(53.3) | 504(55.1) | 189(49.2) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 607(46.7) | 418(45.7) | 189(49.2) | 0.06 |
| American Indian | 115(8.9) | 88(9.6) | 27(7.0) | |
| Black | 284(21.9) | 190(20.8) | 94(24.5) | |
| Asian | 287(22.1) | 216(23.6) | 71(18.5) | |
| Pacific Islander | 6(0.5) | 3(0.3) | 3(0.8) | |
| Latino | 139(10.7) | 109(11.9) | 30(7.8) | 0.03 |
| English speaking | 1125(86.6) | 794(86.8) | 331(86.2) | 0.80 |
| Significant other | 847(65.5) | 621(68) | 226(59.5) | 0.004 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Chest pain | 1123(86.5) | 814(89.1) | 309(80.5) | <0.001 |
| Jaw pain | 614(47.3) | 455(49.7) | 159(41.4) | 0.006 |
| Shortness of breath | 855(65.8) | 601(65.7) | 254(66.1) | 0.90 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 430(33.1) | 303(33.1) | 127(33.1) | 1.00 |
| Syncope | 112(8.6) | 52(5.7) | 60(15.6) | <0.001 |
| Symptom onset time-to-ED (hours), SD | 21.7±108 | 21±97.5 | 23+/−130 | <0.001 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypercholestremia | 643(49.5) | 448(49) | 195(50.8) | 0.63 |
| Hypertension | 881(67.8) | 617(67.4) | 264(68.8) | 0.74 |
| Smoking history | 248(19.1) | 172(18.8) | 76(19.8) | 0.90 |
| Diabetes | 350(26.9) | 250(27.3) | 100(26.0) | 0.58 |
| Prior MI | 327(25.2) | 219(23.9) | 108(28.1) | 0.05 |
| Angina | 345(26.6) | 242(26.4) | 103(26.8) | 0.36 |
| CABG | 158(12.2) | 110(12) | 48(12.5) | 0.85 |
| Prior PCI or stent | 236(18.2) | 163(17.8) | 73(19) | 0.67 |
| Family hx of CAD | 631(48.6) | 470(51.4) | 161(41.9) | 0.001 |
| Final Diagnosis | ||||
| STEMI | 25(1.9) | 12(1.3) | 13(3.4) | <0.001 |
| NSTEMI | 76(5.9) | 37(4.0) | 39(10.2) | |
| Unstable angina | 198(15.2) | 143(15.6) | 55(14.3) | |
| Non-ACS cardiac condition | 678(52.2) | 488(53.3) | 190(49.5) | |
| Non-cardiac condition | 322(24.8) | 235(25.7) | 87(22.7) | |
STEMI=ST-elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI=non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; ACS=acute coronary syndrome