Table 1.
Genes involved in side chain elongation and in the second stage of PQ and UQ biosynthesis in photosynthetic organisms.
| Gene | Enzyme | Organism | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AtSPS1, AtSPS2 | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Arabidopsis thaliana | PQ9 | Hirooka et al., 2003, 2005; Jun et al., 2004; Block et al., 2013; Ksas et al., 2015 |
| AtSPS3 | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Arabidopsis thaliana | UQ9 | Hsieh et al., 2011; Ducluzeau et al., 2012; Block et al., 2013 |
| AtPPT1/HRL1 | 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana | UQ9 | Devadas et al., 2002; Okada et al., 2004; Dutta et al., 2015 |
| AtCoQ3 | O-methyltransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana | UQ9 | Avelange-Macherel and Joyard, 1998 |
| AtCoQ5 | C-methyltransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana | UQ9 | Hayashi et al., 2014 |
| AtCOQ6 | Monooxygenase | Arabidopsis thaliana | UQ | Hayashi et al., 2014 |
| AtHST | Homogentisate solanesyltransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana | PQ9 | Sadre et al., 2006; Tian et al., 2007; Chao et al., 2014 |
| APG1/VTE3 | MSBQ/MPBQ methyltransferase | Arabidopsis thaliana | PQ9 and tocopherol | Cheng et al., 2003; Motohashi et al., 2003; Naqvi et al., 2011 |
| BoCOQ5 | C-methyltransferase | Brassica oleracea | UQ9 | Zhou et al., 2009 |
| BrCoQ3 | O-methyltransferase | Brassica rapa | UQ | Wang et al., 2011 |
| CrHST | Homogentisate solanesyltransferase | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | PQ9 and tocochromanol | Venkatesh et al., 2006 |
| CrAPG1 | MSBQ/MPBQ methyltransferase | Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | PQ and tocopherol | Cheng et al., 2003 |
| EsCoQ3 | O-methyltransferase | Eutrema salsugineum | UQ | Yang et al., 2013 |
| HbSDS | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Hevea brasiliensis | PQ9 | Phatthiya et al., 2007 |
| LsAPG1 | MSBQ/MPBQ methyltransferase | Lactuca sativa | tocopherol | Tang et al., 2016 |
| OsSPS1 | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Oryza sativa | UQ9 | Ohara et al., 2010; Block et al., 2013 |
| OsSPS2, OsSPS3 | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Oryza sativa | PQ9 | Ohara et al., 2010; Block et al., 2013 |
| OsPPT1a | 4-hydroxybenzoate Polyprenyltransferase | Oryza sativa | UQ9 | Ohara et al., 2006 |
| SlSPS | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase | Tomato | PQ9 | Jones et al., 2013 |
| SlDPS | Decaprenyl diphosphate synthase | Tomato | UQ10 | Jones et al., 2013 |
| VTE3 | MPBQ methyltransferase | Peanut | methyltransferase | Liu et al., 2013 |
| APG1 | MSBQ/MPBQ methyltransferase | Synechocystis PCC6803 | PQ and tocopherol | Shintani et al., 2002 |
| Slr0926 | 4-hydroxybenzote solanesyltransferase | Synechocystis PCC6803 | PQ9 | Sadre et al., 2012 |