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. 2017 Jan;24(1):35–42. doi: 10.1101/lm.043539.116

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© 2016 Childs et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://learnmem.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Figure 2. — Vagus nerve stimulation does not alter ongoing appetitive behavior. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine (A) or food pellets (B). After a stable rate of response was reached, rats were given VNS during self-administration sessions to see whether this changes response patterns. Rats that self-administered cocaine received noncontingent VNS, while rats that self-administered food received contingent VNS with each lever press. Responses at the active lever during self-administration were not altered by VNS.