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. 2016 Dec 22;1(21):e90240. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.90240

Figure 1. Beta blocker blunts HIF-mediated erythropoiesis under hypoxia in vivo.

Figure 1

(A) Mice were orally administered vehicle or carvedilol (beta blocker), followed by exposure to 21% or 10% oxygen. Kidneys and serum were harvested after 2 hours, and bone marrow was collected at 24 hours (n = 5/group). (B) Expression of HIF-1α and Lamin B in nuclear extracts of kidneys, as detected by Western blot. Samples were run on the same gel but were noncontiguous. (C) HIF-1α occupancy at the erythropoietin gene Epo, detected by ChIP with control IgG or HIF-1α antibody and quantitative PCR. Fold enrichment was percentage of input (treatment) divided by average percentage of input (normoxia). (D) Expression of Epo and Actin mRNA in kidneys, as detected by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. (E) Serum erythropoietin by ELISA. (F) Flow cytometry for erythroid progenitor populations. Proerythroblasts (I) were defined by CD44hiTER119lo and basophilic (II) and polychromatic erythroblasts (III) were defined by TER119hi as well as size and CD44 expression. Data are mean ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.005, ANOVA.