Figure 4.

Exercise inhibited the activation of microglial cells and astrocytes.

Notes: (A) Immunohistochemistry staining using anti-Iba1 antibody in cortex: a. sham group 3 days after surgery, b. MCAO group 3 days after surgery, c. exercise group 3 days after surgery, d. sham group 6 days after surgery, e. MCAO group 6 days after surgery, f. exercise group 6 days after surgery, g. quantification of stained microglial cells. (B) Immunohistochemistry staining using anti-Iba1 antibody in caudatum: a. sham group 3 days after surgery, b. MCAO group 3 days after surgery, c. exercise group 3 days after surgery, d. sham group 6 days after surgery, e. MCAO group 6 days after surgery, f. exercise group 6 days after surgery, g. quantification of stained microglial cells. (C) Immunohistochemistry staining using anti-GFAP antibody in cortex: a. sham group 3 days after surgery, b. MCAO group 3 days after surgery, c. exercise group 3 days after surgery, d. sham group 6 days after surgery, e. MCAO group 6 days after surgery, f. exercise group 6 days after surgery, g. quantification of stained astrocytes. (D) Immunohistochemistry staining using anti-GFAP antibody in caudatum: a. sham group 3 days after surgery, b. MCAO group 3 days after surgery, c. exercise group 3 days after surgery, d. sham group 6 days after surgery, e. MCAO group 6 days after surgery, f. exercise group 6 days after surgery, g. quantification of stained astrocytes. Bar =50 μm for all images; **P<0.01 in comparison with the sham group; ^#P<0.05 and ^##P<0.01 in comparison with the MCAO group.

Abbreviations: GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion.