. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: Transfus Med Rev. 2016 Aug 17;31(1):26–35. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.08.004

Table 3.

Potential target antigens for coupling therapeutics to RBCs, their non-RBC distribution, likely function, and relative numbers per cell

RBC Antigen (Blood group designation)	Other Tissue Expression	Function	Est. Sites per RBC
Band 3 Protein (Diego)	Distal and collecting tubules of the kidney	Anion exchange, structural integrity	10⁶
Glycophorin A (MNS)	Renal epithelium and endothelium	Chaperone for band 3 transport to membrane, major sialoglycoprotein contributing to negatively charged glycocalyx
GLUT1 (none)	Endothelial cells of barrier tissues	Glucose transport
Glycophorin B (MNS)	Renal epithelium and endothelium	Minor sialoglycoprotein contributing to negatively charged glycocalyx
RHCE and RHD (Rhesus)	Largely erythroid specific	Membrane structure and integrity, homology with ammonium transporters	10⁵
CD59/Protectin (undefined)	Widely expressed	GPI-linked complement regulatory protein, inhibits membrane attack complex	10⁵
Kell (Kell)	Myeloid tissues, marrow, brain, muscle	Endothelin-3 converting enzyme	10⁴
CD55/Decay accelerating factor (Cromer)	White blood cells, platelets, lung	GPI-linked complement regulatory protein, accelerates decay of C3 and C5 convertases	10⁴
ICAM-4 (LW)	Relatively erythroid specific	Intercellular adhesion molecule, ligand for integrins	10³
Complement Receptor 1 (Knops)	White blood cells, glomerulus, follicular dendritic cells	Complement regulatory protein, processing of immune complexes	10³