Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| Patient Characteristics, %a | Intervention (n=75) | Control (n=25) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female, % | 77 | 80 | .78 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 74.5 (6.4) | 72.4 (5.6) | .14 |
| 60-70, % | 31 | 44 | |
| 71-80 | 49 | 40 | |
| > 80 | 20 | 16 | |
| Race/ethnicity,% | 0.99 | ||
| Caucasian | 8 | 8 | |
| Black | 89 | 92 | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1 | 0 | |
| Other | 1 | 0 | |
| A1C value, mean (SD), % | 7.6 (0.9) | 7.4 (0.6) | .23 |
| ≤ 7.0, % | 31 | 28 | |
| 7.1-8.0 | 45 | 60 | |
| 8.1-9.0 | 15 | 12 | |
| > 9.0 | 9 | 0 | |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 31.7 (6.7) | 29.8 (5.3) | .20 |
| Weight status, % | .46 | ||
| Underweight | 0 | 4 | |
| Normal weight | 11 | 12 | |
| Overweight | 36 | 36 | |
| Obese | 53 | 48 | |
| No. of years w/diabetes, mean (SD) | 15.6 (9.6) | 17.1 (12.1) | .53 |
| 0-10, % | 36 | 40 | |
| 11-20 | 41 | 28 | |
| 21-30 | 17 | 20 | |
| > 30 | 5 | 12 | |
| No. of medications currently taking, mean (SD) | 6.7 (3.4) | 7.6 (3.6) | .25 |
| 0-5, % | 40 | 32 | |
| 6-10 | 48 | 52 | |
| > 10 | 12 | 16 | |
| Type of oral antidiabetic (OAD) medication use, % | |||
| No OAD medication | 9 | 8 | 0.99 |
| Single oral OAD | 32 | 16 | .20 |
| Multiple oral OAD | 32 | 24 | .18 |
| Insulin only (≥1 insulin type) | 11 | 32 | .02 |
| Insulin and OAD(s) | 16 | 20 | .64 |
| No. of years seeing current doctor, % | .18 | ||
| < 1 | 9 | 0 | |
| 1-10 | 64 | 80 | |
| > 10 | 27 | 20 | |
| Patient self-reported history, % | |||
| Heart disease | 25 | 28 | .69 |
| Lung disease | 8 | 12 | .69 |
| Cancer | 24 | 28 | .69 |
| Body pains (within past 2 weeks) | 75 | 68 | .52 |
| Hypoglycemic episode in the last month b | 28 | 56 | .02 |
| Patient who have taken diabetes education class, % | 38 | 52 | .21 |
a
Values reported are percentages of patients, unless otherwise stated in the table.
b
One control patient and 3 intervention patients self-reported requiring an ambulance or hospitalization due to hypoglycemic episode(s).