Immunostaining for pancreatic ductal marker, and markers for cell death and neogenesis. (A and B) Representative sections of pancreas from different genotypes, showing islets stained for PCNA (A) and caspase-3 (B). Note the magnified image for TKO. (C) Consecutive sections of pancreas from IR/IRS-1 mice immunostained for PCNA (left panels) or costained for insulin (green) and DBA-lectin immunohistochemistry for duct-specific glycoconjugates (red) (upper right panel). The lower right panels show 2 magnified images (×60) of islet cells from IR/IRS-1 mice; the arrows point to cells positive for PCNA (purple chromogen) that also stain positive for nuclear β-catenin (blue chromogen). (D) Pancreas sections from WT, IR/IRS-1, PDX-1 heterozygous, IRS-1/PDX-1, and TKO mice costained for E-cadherin (purple) and β-catenin (orange) as described in Methods. Scale bars: 50 μm.