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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 15.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Cardiol. 2016 Oct 29;227:668–673. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.10.078

Figure 1. Tetracaine derivative EL9 reduced Ca2+ spark frequency (CaSF) in R176Q/+ myocytes.

Figure 1

(A) Representative recordings of Ca2+ sparks in ventricular myocytes of WT and R176Q/+ mice in the presence of vehicle or EL9 (500 nmol/L). (B) Summary data showing that EL9 reduced CaSF in R176Q/+ ventricular cells compared to vehicle. (C, D) Dose-response relationship and IC50 determination of EL9 and reference compound K201 using CaSF inhibition in R176Q/+ myocytes. **P<0.01.