TABLE 2.

ESBL/pAmpC resistance genes and species plus phylogroups of enterobacteria isolated from samples of the parent flocks and the hatchery

Flock	Sampling	Sample(s)	Species	Phylogroup	Gene(s)
A	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. coli	A	TEM-1a/TEM-52
B	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. fergusonii	Negativeb	TEM-52
			E. coli	A/C	TEM-1a/CTX-M1
				A	TEM-1a/CTX-M1
				A	CTX-M1
				B1c	CTX-M1
	Before disinfection	Outer egg shell surface	E. coli	B1c	CTX-M1
	After disinfection	Outer egg shell surface	E. fergusonii	Negativeb	TEM-52
	Hatching	Hatchlings dust	E. coli	E	TEM-1a/CMY-2
		Crushed egg shell, Environmental sample	K. pneumoniae	Negative	SHV-1a/SHV-2
C	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. fergusonii	Negative	TEM-1a/CMY-2
				Negative	TEM-52
			E. coli	A/C	CMY-2
				B1	TEM-1a/CMY-2
				F	CMY-2
D	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. coli	A	TEM-1a/CMY-2
				A	CMY-2
				F	CTX-M1
				F	CMY-2
E	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. coli	F	CTX-M1
F	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. coli	A/C	TEM-1a/CTX-M15
	Before disinfection	Outer egg shell surface	C. freundii		CMY
G	Parent flock	Boot swab, pooled feces	E. coli	A/C	TEM-1a/TEM-52
				B1	TEM-52
				B1	CMY-2
	Hatching	Environmental sample	E. coli	A	TEM-1a/TEM-52

^aBroad-spectrum beta-lactamase (BSBL) gene.

^bPFGE cluster V (see Fig. 1).

^cPFGE clusters I to III (see Fig. 1), ST1665.