FIG 10.

pIHBoV1-induced DDR signaling did not cause cell cycle arrest. HEK293 cells were treated with DMSO and the indicated inhibitors for 4 h prior to transfection with pIHBoV1. Cell cycle analysis was performed at 48 h posttransfection, following costaining with DAPI, anti-BrdU, and anti-NS1C antibodies. pBB-transfected cells were used as transfection controls. (A) (Top) Flow cytometry analysis of NS expression. (Bottom) NS-expressing cells were analyzed, and the percentage of NS1-expressing cells (NS⁺) after each treatment was plotted. Averages and standard deviations are shown. p.tx, posttransfection; TX, transfection. (B) (Top) Cell cycle analysis. (Bottom) The percentage of cells in each phase was quantified, and the data are shown as means and standard deviations. Each data set was generated from at least three independent experiments.