. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2016 Sep 16;52(1):10–19. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.07.020

Table 2.

HRs (95% CI) of Major CVD According to Frequency of Tuna and Dark Fish Intake

	Average frequency of tuna and dark fish intake

	<1 per month	1–3 times per month	1 per week	>1 per week	p for trend
No. of cases	358	641	507	435
No. of participants	6,939	12,332	10,368	8,753
Events per participants	0.052	0.052	0.049	0.050
Person-years	128,043	230,096	192,886	162,534
Age-adjusted	1.00	1.03 (0.91–1.17)	0.97 (0.85–1.12)	0.98 (0.85–1.12)	0.48
Multivariate 1^a	1.00	1.05 (0.92–1.19)	1.01 (0.88–1.16)	1.01 (0.87–1.17)	0.89
Multivariate 2^b	1.00	1.04 (0.91–1.19)	1.00 (0.87–1.15)	1.00 (0.86–1.16)	0.78

Hazard ratio was adjusted for randomized treatment, age, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, oral contraceptive use, use of hormones as defined under hormone replacement therapy, multivitamin use, total energy intake, family history of myocardial infarction, and baseline history of hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes.

Also adjusted for intakes of dietary fiber, fruits and vegetables, trans fat, ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat, and sodium.

CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio.