Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, pain assessment, and psychological variables at baseline (T0).
| Intervention group | Control group | T/Chisq | DF | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 20 | 20 | |||
| Age, M ± SD | 56.65 ± 8.88 | 56.45 ± 7.28 | −0.078 | 38 | 0.938 |
| Female sex, % | 14 (70%) | 14 (70%) | 0.000 | 1 | 1.000 |
| Partnership (firm relationship), N (%) | 14 (70%) | 17 (85%) | 1.290 | 1 | 0.451 |
| Education (>10 years in school), N (%) | 6 (30%) | 9 (45%) | 0.960 | 1 | 0.514 |
| Working status, N (%) | |||||
| Employed | 13 (65%) | 12 (60%) | 1.264 | 3 | 1.000 |
| Unemployed | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | |||
| Retired | 6 (30%) | 6 (30%) | |||
| Others | 1 (5%) | 1 (5%) | |||
| Pain assessment | |||||
| Days with pain last 4 weeks (0–28), M ± SD | 26.95 ± 4.70 | 25.95 ± 5.13 | −0.643 | 38 | 0.524 |
| CBP intensity (NRS 0–10), M ± SD | 4.93 ± 2.41 | 5.65 ± 1.66 | 1.108 | 38 | 0.275 |
| History of CBP, N (%) | |||||
| <1 year | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | 1.039 | 2 | 1.000 |
| 1–10 years | 8 (40%) | 7 (35%) | |||
| >10 years | 12 (60%) | 12 (60%) | |||
| Number of painful areas (0–10), M ± SD | 6.45 ± 2.31 | 5.70 ± 1.75 | −1.159 | 38 | 0.254 |
| MPI interference (0–6), M ± SD | 2.83 ± 1.57 | 2.98 ± 1.38 | 0.324 | 38 | 0.747 |
| Pain medication, N (%) | 11 (55%) | 11 (55%) | 0.000 | 1 | 1.000 |
T/Chisq, test statistic; DF, degrees of freedom; P, P values; M, mean; CBP, chronic back pain; NRS, Numerical Rating Scale; MPI, West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory.