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. 2016 Dec 20;7:611. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00611

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Copyright © 2016 Cao, Wang, Yan, McVernon, Xu, Heffernan, Kedzierska and McCaw.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Clinical influenza A (H7N9) data exhibit an exponential relationship between the average CD8⁺ T cell number and recovery time. The x-axis is the average level of functional effector CD8⁺ T cells (i.e., IFNγ⁺ CD8⁺ T cells) over the period from day 8 to day 22 (or the recovery day if it comes earlier). Spearman’s rank correlation test indicates a significant negative correlation between the average CD8⁺ T cell numbers and recovery time (ρ = − 0.8368, p = 0.0013). Excluding one of the patients (No. a79 in Data Sheet S1 in Supplementary Material; discussed in Section 4), all other data points (solid dots) are fitted by an offset exponential function y = 24.8755e^−0.0073^x + 17.5356, indicating that the best achievable recovery time for individuals with a high CD8⁺ T cell response is approximately 17.5356 days.