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. 2016 Dec 20;9:135. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00135

Figure 3.

Figure 3

MC elicits a time-dependent protective effect against ketamine-induced injury, but this protection was inhibited by specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. Cell survival was measured at 24 h after ketamine exposure by CCK-8 assay. (A) Viability comparison of normal NSCs with those exposed to 100 μM/L ketamine alone or exposed to 100 μM/L ketamine plus 50 μM/L MC for 6–48 h. (B) NSCs were exposed to 50 μM/L MC at −2 h, −1 h or −0.5h before 100 μM/L ketamine and 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h or 2 h after ketamine. (C) Pre-incubation with LY294002 (20 μM/L) resulted in the elimination of the protective effect induced by 50 μM/L MC. Data are the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 6 for each group). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 vs. control; ▲P < 0.05 and ▲▲P < 0.01 vs. ketamine. ΔP < 0.05 vs. ketamine plus MC.