Table 4.
Secondary outcomes
| Outcome | Estimated marginal means (SE) |
Estimated mean difference |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time point | CS-PIM | ST-PIM | B | CI* | p Value† |
| Usefulness of information (USE) | |||||
| T1 | 66.39 (1.67) | 61.98 (1.73) | 4.41 | 0.47 to ∞ | 0.03 |
| T2 | 63.89 (1.70) | 60.43 (1.79) | 3.46 | −1.39 to 8.31 | 0.16 |
| T3 | 61.58 (1.78) | 60.63 (1.85) | 0.94 | −4.08 to 5.97 | 0.71 |
| Usefulness—cognitive (USE) | |||||
| T1 | 23.22 (0.59) | 22.44 (0.62) | 0.78 | −0.90 to 2.46 | 0.36 |
| T2 | 21.83 (0.61) | 20.95 (0.64) | 0.88 | −0.85 to 2.61 | 0.32 |
| T3 | 21.26 (0.63) | 21.30 (0.66) | −0.04 | −1.83 to 1.76 | 0.97 |
| Usefulness—emotional (USE) | |||||
| T1 | 20.70 (0.64) | 18.55 (0.67) | 2.15 | 0.34 to 3.96 | 0.02 |
| T2 | 20.60 (0.66) | 18.86 (0.69) | 1.73 | −0.14 to 3.60 | 0.07 |
| T3 | 19.73 (0.69) | 19.12 (0.71) | 0.61 | −1.33 to 2.55 | 0.54 |
| Usefulness—behavioural (USE) | |||||
| T1 | 22.46 (0.59) | 21.02 (0.61) | 1.44 | −0.23 to 3.11 | 0.09 |
| T2 | 21.55 (0.61) | 20.64 (0.64) | 0.92 | −0.81 to 2.64 | 0.30 |
| T3 | 20.65 (0.63) | 20.24 (0.66) | 0.42 | 1.37 to 2.20 | 0.65 |
| Symptoms—depression (PHQ-9) | |||||
| T1 | 13.40 (0.82) | 13.48 (0.85) | −0.08 | −2.40 to 2.24 | 0.95 |
| T2 | 12.51 (0.85) | 11.97 (0.86) | 0.54 | −1.85 to 2.93 | 0.66 |
| T3 | 11.53 (0.88) | 12.23 (0.88) | −0.69 | −3.14 to 1.75 | 0.58 |
| Symptoms—back pain (core set) | |||||
| T1 | 4.32 (0.13) | 4.16 (0.13) | 0.15 | −0.20 to 0.51 | 0.40 |
| T2 | 4.18 (0.13) | 4.04 (0.14) | 0.14 | −0.22 to 0.51 | 0.45 |
| T3 | 4.28 (0.13) | 4.09 (0.14) | 0.19 | −0.19 to 0.58 | 0.32 |
| Quality of life (WHO-5) | |||||
| T1 | 10.32 (0.43) | 10.13 (0.45) | 0.19 | −1.03 to 1.41 | 0.76 |
| T2 | 10.93 (0.44) | 11.04 (0.46) | −0.11 | −1.36 to 1.13 | 0.86 |
| T3 | 10.92 (0.45) | 11.74 (0.47) | −0.82 | −2.10 to 0.46 | 0.21 |
*Primary outcome: one-sided 95% CI, all other outcomes two-sided 95% CI.
†Primary outcome: one-sided test, all other outcomes two-sided tests.
B, mean difference; CS-PIM, culture-sensitive patient information material; PHQ-9, 9-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire; SMAS, Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale; ST-PIM, standard translated patient information material; T1, time point 1 (after consultation); T2, time point 2 (after 8 weeks); T3, time point 3 (after 6 months); USE, Usefulness Scale for Patient Information Material; WHO-5, WHO-Five Well-Being Index.