Table 3.
Crude and age-standardised and gender-standardised prevalence (compared with the 2011 population census) for common comorbidities of the complete adult population, adults with T1DM (for comparison), and adults with T2DM
| All adults (N=1 015 867) |
Adults with T1DM (N=4478) |
Adults with T2DM (N=58 717) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbidities | Crude prevalence (%) | Adjusted prevalence (95% CI) (%) | Crude prevalence (%) | Adjusted prevalence (95% CI) (%) | Crude prevalence (%) | Adjusted prevalence (95% CI) (%) |
| Hypertension | 16.2 | 16.1 (16.1 to 16.2) | 21.6 | 28.1 (25.9 to 30.9) | 57.0 | 34.6 (33.9 to 35.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.48 | 2.42 (2.39 to 2.46) | 1.18 | 2.00 (1.44 to 3.38) | 8.94 | 3.47 (3.34 to 4.50) |
| Angina | 1.76 | 1.73 (1.70 to 1.75) | 1.85 | 2.70 (2.09 to 4.11) | 7.98 | 3.49 (3.31 to 4.53) |
| Myocardial infarction | 1.11 | 1.09 (1.07 to 1.11) | 1.63 | 2.32 (1.74 to 3.70) | 4.59 | 2.23 (2.08 to 3.36) |
| Congestive heart failure | 1.11 | 1.08 (1.06 to 1.10) | 1.36 | 2.62 (1.75 to 4.29) | 5.36 | 2.37 (2.19 to 3.43) |
| Stroke | 1.19 | 1.17 (1.15 to 1.19) | 1.11 | 1.85 (1.33 to 3.21) | 4.03 | 1.73 (1.65 to 2.78) |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 0.97 | 0.95 (0.93 to 0.97) | 0.63 | 1.01 (0.65 to 2.31) | 3.13 | 1.31 (1.24 to 2.37) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 4.23 | 4.15 (4.11 to 4.19) | 6.47 | 10.8 (9.26 to 12.9) | 18.7 | 7.67 (7.42 to 8.72) |
| Renal replacement therapy | 0.11 | 0.11 (0.11 to 0.12) | 1.25 | 1.21 (0.90 to 2.45) | 0.53 | 0.33 (0.28 to 1.47) |
| Dementia | 0.98 | 0.94 (0.92 to 0.96) | 0.42 | 1.19 (0.68 to 2.61) | 3.21 | 1.13 (1.07 to 2.19) |
| Depression | 9.44 | 9.50 (9.44 to 9.56) | 14.7 | 14.4 (13.2 to 16.2) | 11.8 | 14.7 (13.9 to 16.1) |
| Amputation | 0.17 | 0.17 (0.17 to 0.18) | 1.45 | 1.80 (1.33 to 3.12) | 0.80 | 0.41 (0.36 to 1.53) |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 0.71 | 0.70 (0.68 to 0.71) | 7.28 | 9.38 (8.12 to 11.3) | 6.55 | 3.44 (3.30 to 4.48) |
| Retinopathy | 2.43 | 2.42 (2.39 to 2.46) | 59.6 | 62.8 (60.1–66.0) | 36.4 | 23.6 (22.9 to 24.9) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.67 | 0.66 (0.64 to 0.68) | 2.18 | 3.42 (2.70 to 4.89) | 3.70 | 1.53 (1.46 to 2.59) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 0.84 | 0.84 (0.83 to 0.86) | 0.89 | 1.32 (0.89 to 2.65) | 1.75 | 1.08 (0.99 to 2.15) |
| Chronic liver disease* | 1.05 | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.07) | 1.78 | 1.66 (1.29 to 2.91) | 4.49 | 4.70 (4.25 to 5.86) |
| NAFLD | 0.64 | 0.64 (0.63 to 0.66) | 1.21 | 1.07 (0.79 to 2.31) | 3.39 | 3.80 (3.37 to 4.97) |
*All liver disease including NAFLD.
NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.