Table 1.
Reported cases of immunotherapy-associated T1D
| Study | No. of patients | Patients | Age/Sex | Past medical history | Checkpoint inhibitor therapy | Positive serologies | Genetics | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaudy et al. | 1 | 1 | 44/F | None | Pembrolizumab | Unavailable | Unavailable | |
| Martin Liberal et al. | 1 | 1 | 54/F | Mild asthma | Ipilimumab and pembrolizumab | GAD65 70.1 U/mL | DRB1*04, DQB1*0302 (HLA A2 DRA DQ8) | |
| Hughes et al. | 5 | 1 | 55/F | Autoimmune thyroid disease | Nivolumab | None | A2.1, DR4 | Patient had previously progressed through ipilimumab |
| 2 | 83/F | Remote smoker | Nivolumab | GAD65 1.2 U/mL | A2.1, DR4 | |||
| 3 | 63/M | Hypertension | Nivolumab | GAD65 1.1 U/mL, ICA5 1.2 U/mL, IAA 47 U/mL | A2.1, DR4 | |||
| 4 | 58/M | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Nivolumab | GAD65 13819 U/mL | A2.1 | |||
| 5 | 64/F | Autoimmune thyroid disease, psoriasis | Pembrolizumab | None | DR4 | |||
| Okamoto et al. | 1 | 1 | 55/F | Dyslipidemia, gastric ucler | Nivolumab | None | DRB1*04:05, DQB1*04:01 (DR4) | |
| Miyoshi et al. | 1 | 1 | 66/F | None | Nivolumab | None | DRB1*11:01 13:02:01, DQB1*03:01:01 06:04:01 | |
| Brahmer et al. | 1 | 1 | unavailable | Unavailable | BMS-936559 anti-PDL1 antibody | Unavailable | Unavailable | |
| Hoffmann et al. | 3 | 1 | 70/F | None | Nivolumab | None | Unavailable | Patient had previously progressed through ipilimumab |
| 2 | 78/F | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Nivolumab | GAD positive | Unavailable | |||
| 3 | 58/F | None | Pembrolizumab | GAD, IAA positive | Unavailable |
Diabetic autoantibodies referenced include GAD65, ICA5, and insulin (IAA). Normal GAD65 titers < 0.5 U/ml, ICA5 < 1.0 U/ml, IAA < 5.0 U/ml