Fig. 4. Frequency (blue) and dissipation factor (red) shifts (overtones 5-13) observed in situ by QCM-D measurements. Three times the adsorption of apododecin DtE on monolayers of flavin-terminated dsLNA with 7 base pairs, followed by rinsing with buffer solution, and subsequently by rinsing with an oxygen-free buffered sodium dithionite solution for flavin reduction in order to release remaining DtE molecules captured by multi-ligand binding was measured. For the second and third chemical reduction step the period for rinsing with sodium dithionite had to be subsequently expanded. Prior to the first incubation of DtE a non-binding apododecin variant, W36A, was incubated as negative control at a concentration of 5 μM and subsequently rinsed with buffer to ensure that there was no unspecific binding.2,5 .
