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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Rev Vaccines. 2016 Jun 20;15(12):1519–1533. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2016.1198259

Figure 1. YFV-17D-specific T cells fail to protect against infection in the absence of neutralizing antibodies.

Figure 1

Clinical studies were conducted to determine if pre-existing YFV-specific immunity would impact virus replication upon challenge with YFV-17D or chimeric versions of YFV-17D in which the prM (pre-membrane) and envelope (Env) proteins of YFV-17D were replaced with either JEV [32] or DENV2 [31]. These recombinant viruses, ChimeriVax-JE and ChimeriVax-DEN2, were composed of the YFV-17D capsid (C) structural protein and 7 YFV-17D non-structural proteins, but could no longer be neutralized by YFV-17D-specific antibodies. This provided the opportunity to determine the impact of T cell-mediated protection in the absence of a neutralizing antibody response. YFV-17D infection elicits T cells to both structural and nonstructural proteins [23,24] but pre-existing antiviral T cell memory had no measurable impact on the peak or duration of viremia as determined by area-under-the-curve measurements [31,32,34].