Table 1.

The Main Methods of Transmembrane Segments Topology Prediction

Segment type	Method	Approach	Self-proclaimed accuracy (segments)	Self-proclaimed accuracy (proteins)
Transmembrane α-helices	TMHMM	HMM	97%-98%	77%-78%
	HMMTOP	HMM	>98%	85%
	MEMSAT	HMM	92%	77%
	PHDhtm	homologous & neural network	98%	89%
	TopPred	hydrophobicity analysis & positive-inside rule	–	96%
	DAS-TMfilter	dense alignment surface	–	95%
	ConPred_elite	consensus approach	–	95%-98%
Membrane β-strands	Gromiha’s	based on the conformational parameters and surrounding hydrophobicities	–	82%
	Diederichs’s	neural network	–	–
	Jacoboni’s	neural network	93%	78%
	Martelli’s	HMM	–	84%