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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 20.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2016 Nov 10;539(7628):180–186. doi: 10.1038/nature20411

Figure 2. Cell-specific and pathway-specific acceleration of ageing.

Figure 2

Ageing can be dissected into individual processes, including a loss of protein homeostasis that leads to the development of aggregates and inclusion bodies, DNA damage, lysosomal dysfunction, epigenetic changes and immune dysregulation. The genetic predisposition of an individual, together with his or her exposure to the environment, determine the incidence and prevalence of the lesions that result from such processes, probably in a cell-specific manner. Various diseases might develop in accordance with the spatiotemporal distribution of the lesions.