Table 2. Clinicopathological characteristics for the entire cohort (n=145).
| Low CD8 n.(%) |
High CD8 n (%) |
p-value | low FOXP3 n (%) |
High FOXP3 n (%) |
p-value | low PD-1 n (%) |
High PD-1 n (%) |
p-value | low PD-L1 n (%) |
High PD-L1 n (%) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||||||||||
| <median (65 years) | 41 (48.2%) | 22 (36.7%) | 0.166 | 18 (47.4%) | 45 (42.1%) | 0.570 | 39 (49.4%) | 24 (36.4%) | 0.116 | 47 (45.2%) | 16 (39%) | 0.500 |
| ≥median | 44 (51.8%) | 38 (63.3%) | 20 (56.2%) | 62 (57.9%) | 40 (50.6%) | 42 (63.6%) | 57 (54.8%) | 25 (61%) | ||||
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Female | 35 (41.2%) | 33 (55.0%) | 0.100 | 13 (34.2%) | 55 (51.4%) | 0.068 | 36 (45.6%) | 32 (48.5%) | 0.726 | 44 (43.2%) | 24 (58.5%) | 0.114 |
| Male | 50 (58.8%) | 27 (45.0%) | 25 (65.8%) | 52 (48.6%) | 43 (54.4%) | 34 (51.5%) | 60 (57.7%) | 17 (41.5%) | ||||
| Tumor site | ||||||||||||
| Head | 66 (77.6%) | 54 (90%) | 0.086 | 32 (84.2%) | 88 (82.2%) | 0.783 | 69 (87.3%) | 51 (77.3%) | 0.110 | 85 (81.7%) | 35 (85.4%) | 0.602 |
| Other | 19(22.4%) | 6 (10%) | 6 (15.8%) | 19 (17.8%) | 10 (12.7%) | 15 (22.7%) | 19 (18.3%) | 6 (14.6%) | ||||
| pT.staging | ||||||||||||
| pT1-2 | 54 (63.5%) | 34 (56.7%) | 0.405 | 26 (68.4%) | 62 (57.9%) | 0.256 | 57 (72.2%) | 31 (47.0%) | 0.002 | 56 (53.8%) | 32 (78%) | 0.007 |
| pT3-4 | 31 (36.5%) | 26 (43.3%) | 12 (31.6%) | 45 (42.1%) | 22 (27.8%) | 35 (53%) | 48 (46.2%) | 9 (22%) | ||||
| pN. staging | ||||||||||||
| pNO | 17 (20%) | 18 (30%) | 0.166 | 11 (28.9%) | 24 (22.4%) | 0.420 | 16 (20.3%) | 19 (28.8%) | 0.232 | 23 (22.1%) | 12 (29.3%) | 0.365 |
| pN+ | 68 (80%) | 42 (70%) | 27 (71.1%) | 83 (77.6%) | 63 (79.7%) | 47 (71.2%) | 81 (77.9%) | 29 (70.7%) | ||||
| Grading | ||||||||||||
| G1 | 4 (4.7%) | 4 (6.7%) | 0.203 | 2 (5.3%) | 6(5.6%) | 0.300 | 4 (5.1%) | 4 (6.1%) | 0.835 | 6(5.8%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0.518 |
| G2 | 51 (60%) | 43 (71.7%) | 21 (55.3%) | 73 (68.2%) | 50 (63.3%) | 44 (66.7%) | 70 (67.3%) | 24 (58.5%) | ||||
| G3 | 30 (35.3%) | 13 (21.7%) | 15 (39.5%) | 28 (26.2%) | 25 (31.6%) | 18 (27.3%) | 28 (26.9%) | 15 (36.6%) | ||||
| Resection margins | ||||||||||||
| RO | 27 (31.8%) | 27 (45%) | 0.104 | 17 (44.7%) | 37 (34.6%) | 0.266 | 26 (32.9%) | 28 (42.4%) | 0.238 | 36 (34.6%) | 18 (43.9%) | 0.298 |
| R1 | 58 (68.2%) | 33 (55%) | 21 (55.3%) | 70 (65.4%) | 53 (67.1%) | 38 (57.6%) | 68 (65.4%) | 23 (56.1%) | ||||
| Type of surgery | ||||||||||||
| Whipples | 49 (57.6%) | 43 (71.7%) | 0.120 | 26 (68.4%) | 66 (61.7%) | 0.732 | 52 (65.8%) | 40 (60.6%) | 0.590 | 65 (62.5%) | 27 (65.9%) | 0.753 |
| Pylorus preserving | 24 (28.2%) | 14 (23.3%) | 9 (23.7%) | 29 (27.1%) | 21 (26.6%) | 17 (25.7%) | 27 (26%) | 11 (26.8%) | ||||
| Total pancreatectomy | 12 (14.1%) | 3(5%) | 3(7.9%) | 12 (11.2%) | 6 (7.6%) | 9 (13.6) | 12 (11.5%) | 3 (7. 3%) | ||||
| PNI | ||||||||||||
| no | 68 (80%) | 46 (76.7%) | 0.630 | 28 (73.7%) | 86 (80.4%) | 0.388 | 58 (73.4%) | 56 (84.8%) | 0.095 | 81 (77.9%) | 33 (80.5%) | 0.731 |
| yes | 17 (20%) | 14 (23.3%) | 10 (26.3%) | 21 (19.6%) | 21 (26.6%) | 10 (15.2%) | 23 (22.1%) | 8 (19.5%) | ||||
| VI | ||||||||||||
| no | 29 (34.1%) | 23 (38.3%) | 0.602 | 14 (36.8%) | 38 (35.5%) | 0.883 | 29 (36.7%) | 23 (34.8%) | 0.816 | 37 (35.6%) | 15 (36.6%) | 0.909 |
| yes | 56 (65.9%) | 37 (61.7%) | 24 (63.2%) | 69 (64.5%) | 50 (63.3%) | 43 (65.2%) | 67 (64.4%) | 26 (63.4%) | ||||
| Ll | ||||||||||||
| no | 27 (31.8%) | 26 (43.3%) | 0.154 | 11 (28.9%) | 42 (39.3%) | 0.257 | 31 (39.2%) | 22 (33.3%) | 0.462 | 35 (33.7%) | 18 (43.9%) | 0.248 |
| yes | 58 (68.2%) | 34 (56.7%) | 27 (71.1%) | 65 (60.7%) | 48 (60.8%) | 44 (66.7%) | 69 (66.3%) | 23 (56.1%) | ||||
| Chemotherapy | ||||||||||||
| No | 13 (15.3%) | 6 (10%) | 0.343 | 5 (13.2%) | 14 (13.1%) | 0.541 | 11 (13.9%) | 8 (12.1%) | 0.506 | 12 (11.5%) | 7(17.1%) | 0.329 |
| 1-2 cycles | 21 (24.7%) | 11 (18.3%) | 6(15.8%) | 26 (24.3%) | 20 (25.3%) | 12 (18.2%) | 26 (25%) | 6(14.6%) | ||||
| ≥ cycles | 51 (60%) | 43 (71.7) | 27 (71.1%) | 67 (62.6%) | 48 (60.8%) | 46 (69 7%) | 66 (63.5%) | 28 (68.3%) |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; Cl, confidence interval; VI, vascular invasion; Ll, lymphatic invasion; PNI, perineura1Jneural invasion;