Table 3. Outcomes of patients in the L-C and H-C groups.

Variable	L-C Group (n = 550)		H-C Group (n = 550)		X2	P
	NO.	%	NO.	%
No. of clip
1	470	85.5	453	82.4	1.946	0.163
2	80	14.5	97	17.6
Overall complications	47	8.5	52	9.5	0.278	0.598
IAA	29	5.3	33	6.0	1.807	0.179
Stump leak	1	0.2	2	0.4	0.334	0.563
Superficial wound infection	14	2.5	12	2.2	0.158	0.691
Post-operative abdominal pain	3	0.5	5	0.9	0.504	0.478
Overall re-intervention	52	9.5	60	10.9	0.636	0.425
Percutaneous and/or transrectal drainage	3	0.5	2	0.4	0.201	0.654
Re-operation	11	2.0	13	2.4	0.17	0.680
Prolonged intravenous antibiotics	33	6.0	41	7.5	0.927	0.336
Readmissions	5	0.9	4	0.7	0.112	0.738
Othersa	23	4.2	27	4.9	0.335	0.563
Overall adverse events	122	22.2	139	25.3	1.452	0.228
Duration of operation ± SD, min	41.4 ± 19.8		40.6 ± 20.3		1.012b	0.679
Duration of hospital stay ± SD, days	3.56 ± 2.11		3.49 ± 2.33		1.135b	0.531

Abbreviations:

^aother adverse events including enteritis, persistent elevated inflammatory parameters, sepsis with MRSA, persistent diarrhea, intra-abdominal fluid collection, and constipation;

^bT-test result.