Table 2. Univariate and multivariate analysis of OS in 362 ESCC patients.

Variable	Univariate				Multivariate
	P value	HR	95% CI		P value	HR	95% CI
			Lower	Upper			Lower	Upper
Gender
Male	Reference
Female	0.396	0.863	0.614	1.213
Age(years)
≤60	Reference
>60	0.875	0.976	0.724	1.317
Tumor grade
I-II	Reference
III	0.241	1.216	0.877	1.687
Lymph nodes metastasis
Negative	Reference				Reference
Positive	<0.001*	2.596	1.918	3.516	<0.001*	2.219	1.612	3.055
Depth of tumor invasion
Tis-T2	Reference				Reference
T3-T4	<0.001*	2.413	1.611	3.614	0.020*	1.677	1.084	2.596
Tumor location
Upper	Reference
Middle	0.898	0.968	0.590	1.589
Lower	0.550	0.844	0.484	1.472
Treatment
Surgery alone	Reference				Reference
Surgery+ adjuvant RT/CT	0.008*	1.577	1.127	2.207	0.665	1.081	0.759	1.540
GPS
0	Reference				Reference
1-2	0.033*	1.433	1.029	1.995	0.230	1.235	0.875	1.744
Smoking
Never	Reference
Ever	0.341	1.164	0.852	1.590
Tumor size (cm)
≤3.5	Reference				Reference
>3.5	0.044*	1.353	1.008	1.817	0.982	1.004	0.736	1.369
NLR
≤3	Reference
>3	0.693	0.932	0.657	1.321
PLR
≤150	Reference
>150	0.817	0.960	0.681	1.354
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
<10.3	Reference
≥10.3	0.067	0.493	0.231	1.051
RDW (%)
<13.6	Reference
≥13.6	0.094	1.381	0.946	2.016
HB/RDW
≥0.989	Reference				Reference
<0.989	0.004*	1.589	1.156	2.185	0.035*	1.416	1.024	1.958

Abbreviations: OS=overall survival; ESCC=esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; HB=hemoglobin; RDW=red cell distribution width; GPS=Glasgow prognostic score; NLR=neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR= platelet to lymphocyte ratio; HR=hazard ratio; CI=confidence interval; RT=radiotherapy; CT=chemotherapy.

^*p < 0.05