Table 3. Association between antiretroviral therapy and the presence* of coronary plaque and coronary stenosis, OR per 1 year (95% CI).
| Outcome | abacavir | P | stavudine | P | zidovudine | P | PIs | P | atazanavir | P | darunavir | P | lopinavir | P | ritonavir | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAC | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.06(1,1.12) | 0.042 | 0.99(0.93,1.05) | 0.674 | 0.99(0.96,1.03) | 0.715 | 1(0.97,1.04) | 0.903 | 1(0.92,1.08) | 0.942 | 1.26(1.01,1.56) | 0.038 | 0.95(0.88,1.02) | 0.130 | 0.99(0.95,1.04) | 0.688 |
| fully adjusted model | 1.05(0.99,1.12) | 0.129 | 0.95(0.86,1.05) | 0.321 | 0.99(0.94,1.06) | 0.871 | 0.97(0.9,1.05) | 0.437 | 1.15(0.95,1.38) | 0.144 | 1.15(0.67,1.99) | 0.613 | 0.96(0.83,1.1) | 0.540 | 1.04(0.91,1.17) | 0.581 |
| Any plaque | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.07(0.98,1.17) | 0.109 | 0.96(0.87,1.05) | 0.340 | 1.04(0.98,1.1) | 0.166 | 1.01(0.96,1.07) | 0.580 | 1.06(0.94,1.19) | 0.372 | 1.04(0.77,1.41) | 0.805 | 0.98(0.9,1.07) | 0.670 | 1.03(0.97,1.1) | 0.329 |
| fully adjusted model | 1.06(0.96,1.17) | 0.242 | 0.95(0.85,1.05) | 0.311 | 1.02(0.94,1.1) | 0.703 | 0.99(0.9,1.08) | 0.814 | 1.24(0.99,1.54) | 0.059 | 1.12(0.64,1.97) | 0.689 | 1.02(0.83,1.25) | 0.845 | 1.06(0.92,1.22) | 0.402 |
| Noncalcified plaque | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.07(1,1.15) | 0.050 | 0.98(0.91,1.06) | 0.681 | 1.06(1.01,1.11) | 0.015 | 1.01(0.97,1.05) | 0.706 | 1(0.91,1.09) | 0.939 | 0.98(0.76,1.25) | 0.843 | 0.95(0.88,1.02) | 0.180 | 1(0.95,1.06) | 0.922 |
| fully adjusted model | 1.1(1.01,1.19) | 0.024 | 0.98(0.9,1.08) | 0.728 | 1.06(0.99,1.14) | 0.084 | 1.03(0.96,1.1) | 0.461 | 1.05(0.85,1.29) | 0.636 | 1.18(0.69,2.03) | 0.543 | 1.02(0.83,1.24) | 0.870 | 1.06(0.95,1.18) | 0.328 |
| Calcified plaque | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.01(0.95,1.08) | 0.729 | 1.01(0.94,1.09) | 0.805 | 1.03(0.99,1.08) | 0.157 | 1.01(0.97,1.05) | 0.677 | 1.01(0.92,1.11) | 0.766 | 1.06(0.84,1.35) | 0.603 | 0.98(0.9,1.06) | 0.644 | 0.99(0.94,1.04) | 0.593 |
| fully adjusted model | 0.98(0.9,1.06) | 0.563 | 1(0.92,1.09) | 0.989 | 1.02(0.95,1.11) | 0.551 | 1.03(0.94,1.12) | 0.564 | 1.06(0.86,1.32) | 0.585 | 2.28(1.04,5.02) | 0.040 | 0.92(0.75,1.12) | 0.375 | 1.02(0.92,1.14) | 0.669 |
| Mixed plaque | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.08(1.01,1.15) | 0.019 | 0.96(0.89,1.04) | 0.314 | 1.02(0.97,1.06) | 0.437 | 1.01(0.96,1.05) | 0.768 | 1.08(0.98,1.18) | 0.109 | 1.21(0.95,1.53) | 0.123 | 0.91(0.83,1) | 0.039 | 1(0.95,1.05) | 0.999 |
| fully adjusted model | 1.06(0.98,1.15) | 0.130 | 0.93(0.84,1.03) | 0.185 | 1.01(0.94,1.09) | 0.793 | 1.01(0.93,1.1) | 0.728 | 1.11(0.91,1.36) | 0.296 | 1.24(0.73,2.12) | 0.425 | 0.98(0.83,1.16) | 0.812 | 0.96(0.87,1.05) | 0.332 |
| Coronary stenosis | ||||||||||||||||
| minimally adjusted model | 1.06(0.99,1.14) | 0.108 | 0.99(0.9,1.09) | 0.861 | 1.06(1,1.11) | 0.040 | 1.06(1.01,1.12) | 0.030 | 1.06(0.95,1.18) | 0.313 | 1.25(0.96,1.64) | 0.100 | 0.94(0.84,1.06) | 0.309 | 1.04(0.98,1.11) | 0.221 |
| fully adjusted model | 1.04(0.95,1.13) | 0.387 | 0.98(0.87,1.09) | 0.666 | 1.07(0.96,1.19) | 0.227 | 1.05(0.96,1.15) | 0.321 | 1.04(0.8,1.33) | 0.788 | 2.54(0.94,6.9) | 0.067 | 1.12(0.93,1.35) | 0.246 | 1.07(0.94,1.23) | 0.311 |
*
Plaque score > 0; associations with P value < 0.05 for fully adjusted models are printed in bold. The minimally adjusted models adjusted for age and race; the fully adjusted models adjusted for inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), see text for details. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; PIs = protease inhibitors; CAC = coronary artery calcium