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. 2016 Oct 20;34(1):136–147. doi: 10.1007/s11095-016-2049-3

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© The Author(s) 2016

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 6 — Effect of PPI-m DS G4 dendrimers on mRNA and protein expression of cytokines in THP-1 cells. Panel (a) gene expression at the mRNA level was determined for TNF and IL4 genes by real-time RT-PCR after 24 h of treatment with dendrimers. Data presented as percentage of cognate mRNA expression in control (untreated) cells (number of cognate mRNA copies per 1 copy of geometric-averaged mRNA for reference genes), average ± S.E.M., n = 3. Panel (b) gene expression at the protein level was determined for TNFα and IL-4 by ELISA in cellular supernatants after 24 h of treatment with dendrimers. Data presented as percentage of cytokine levels in supernatants form control (untreated) cells, average ± S.E.M., n = 3.