Contributions of NK cells and CD8+ cells to the early IFN-γ response induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans-stimulated mDCs. CD56−− represents cultures depleted of NK cells, and CD8−− represents cultures depleted of CD8 cells. (A) PBL, CD56+-depleted PBL, and CD56+ cells were held constant at 106 cells per culture with various numbers of autologous mDCs and were stimulated with 106 A. actinomycetemcomitans cells. The supernatant fluids were collected after 24 h, and IFN-γ production was measured by ELISA. The data are representative of three separate experiments of this type, although the response of CD56+ in the absence of DCs was not always seen and is probably attributable to a few DCs contaminating this preparation. The data are expressed as means ± SE. (B) PBL, CD56+-depleted PBL, CD8+-depleted PBL, and both CD56+- and CD8+-depleted cells were held constant at 106 cells per culture with various numbers of autologous mDCs and were stimulated with 106 A. actinomycetemcomitans cells. The supernatant fluids were collected after 24 h, and IFN-γ production was measured by ELISA. These data are representative of three separate experiments of this type. The data are expressed as means ± SE.