Table 1.
Parallels and differences between equine and humane asthma. IAD = inflammatory airway disease, RAO = recurrent airway obstruction, ASM = airway smooth muscle, and ECM = extracellular matrix.
| Mild-to-moderate equine asthma (IAD) | Severe equine asthma (RAO) | Mild human asthma | Severe human asthma | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airway hyperresponsiveness | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Airway obstruction | Subclinical | Partly reversible | Reversible | Partly reversible |
| Environmental origin | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Genetic origin | No data | Yes | Yes | Conflicting evidence |
| ASM dysfunction | No data | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| ECM remodeling | Conflicting evidence | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Airway neutrophilia | Neutrophilic subtype | Yes | Neutrophilic endotype | Yes |
| Airway eosinophilia | Eosinophilic subtype | No | Yes | Yes |