Table 1.
Overview of the 18 different needles used in the study
| Needle | Brand name | Gauge | Number of grinds | Modification | Design illustration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketed needles | |||||
| NF-32 | NovoFine | 32G tip (31G base) | 3 | – |  |
| NF-30 | NovoFine | 30G | 3 | – | |
| NF-28 | NovoFine | 28G | 3 | – | |
| BD-32 | BD Micro-Fine Ultra Pentapoint | 32G | 5 | – | Please see (5) |
| TER-34 | Nanopass | 34G (32G base) | – | Please see (25) | |
| Custom-designed needles | |||||
| HN-32 | – | 32G | 3 | – | Same tip design as NF needles |
| HN-34 | – | 34G | 3 | – | |
| HN3-32 | – | 32G | 3 | – |
|
| HN3-34 | – | 34G | 3 | – | |
| HN2-32 | – | 32G | 2 | – |
|
| HN2-34 | – | 34G | 2 | – | |
| HN1LO-32 | – | 32G | 1 | – |
|
| HN1LO-34 | – | 34G | 1 | – | |
| HN1SH-32 | – | 32G | 1 | – |
|
| HN1SH-34 | – | 34G | 1 | – | |
| Modified needles | |||||
| NOSILIC | – | 32G tip | 3 | Worn-off silicone | Same tip design as NF-32 needles |
| HOOK50 | – | 32G tip | 3 | 50 µm hook |  |
| HOOK150 | – | 32G tip | 3 | 150 µm hook |  |
The needles were marketed, modified or custom-designed, varying in diameter (gauge) and tip design, or with simulated misuse in terms of worn-off silicone or tip hooks.