Table 1.

Characteristics of Five Patients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Variable	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3	Patient 4	Patient 5
Age and sex	28-yr-old woman	19-yr-old woman	14-yr-old boy	7-yr-old boy	27-yr-old woman
Kidney donor	Living related donor; earlier transplant from a living related donor failed owing to recurrent FSGS	Cadaveric donor; earlier transplant from a living related donor failed owing to recurrent FSGS	Living related donor	Cadaveric donor	No donor (native kidney)
Induction immunosuppression	Daclizumab (1 mg/kg, two doses), antithymocyte globulin (1 mg/kg, five doses), rituximab (375 mg/m2, one dose)	Daclizumab (1 mg/kg, two doses), antithymocyte globulin (1 mg/kg, five doses), rituximab (375 mg/m2, one dose)	Antithymocyte globulin (1 mg/kg, five doses), basiliximab (10 mg/kg, two doses), rituximab (375 mg/m2, one dose)	Antithymocyte globulin (1 mg/kg, five doses), basiliximab (10 mg/kg, two doses), rituximab (375 mg/m2, one dose)
Maintenance immunosuppression	Tacrolimus (target serum level, 5–7 ng/ml), mycophenolate mofetil (500 mg twice daily), glucocorticoids	Tacrolimus (target serum level, 5–7 ng/ml), mycophenolate mofetil (500 mg twice daily), glucocorticoids	Tacrolimus (target serum level, 5–7 ng/ml), mycophenolate mofetil (125–250 mg twice daily), glucocorticoids	Tacrolimus (target serum level, 5–7 ng/ml), mycophenolate mofetil (125–250 mg twice daily), glucocorticoids
Treatment for FSGS before abatacept therapy	Plasmapheresis	Plasmapheresis	Plasmapheresis	Plasmapheresis	Prednisone, cyclosporine, tacrolimus
Abatacept therapy	Single dose (10 mg/kg)	Single dose (10 mg/kg)	Two doses (10 mg/kg)	Two doses (10 mg/kg)	10 mg/kg on days 1, 15, and 30 and monthly thereafter
Most recent laboratory test results*	48-mo follow-up (February 2013): serum albumin, 3.4 g/dl; serum creatinine, 1.3 mg/dl; urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio, 0.50	36-mo follow-up (February 2013): serum albumin, 3.8 g/dl; serum creatinine, 0.7 mg/dl; urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio, 0.41	12-mo follow-up (February 2013): serum albumin, 4.0 g/dl; serum creatinine, 0.9 mg/dl; urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio, 0.08	10-mo follow-up (March 2013): serum albumin, 4.3 g/dl; serum creatinine, 0.3 mg/dl; urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio, 0.05	12-mo follow-up (October 2013): serum albumin, 3.8 g/dl; serum creatinine, 0.4 mg/dl; urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio, 0.50

^*To convert values for creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4. A urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio of less than 0.15 is considered normal.