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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 21.
Published in final edited form as: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Oct;1140:155–162. doi: 10.1196/annals.1454.004

TABLE 3.

Effects of Maternal p,p′-DDE Serum Levels on Anogenital Parameters according to the Sex of the Child and Trimester of Pregnancy

Boys Girls


Coefficient 95% CI P-value Coefficient 95% CI P-value
Anal position index (API)
  p,p′-DDE (ng/g)
    Base linea −0.01 −0.03, 0.01 0.34 0.004 −0.02, 0.02 0.91
    1st Trimesterb −0.02 −0.03, −0.003 0.02 0.003 −0.01, 0.02 0.70
    2nd Trimesterc −0.01 −0.02, 0.004 0.20 0.003 −0.01, 0.02 0.82
    3rd Trimesterd −0.01 −0.02, 0.01 0.43 −0.01 −0.03, 0.002 0.09
Anogenital distance (PA) (mm)e
  p,p′-DDE (ng/g)
    Base linea −0.02 −0.23, 0.20 0.87 0.11 −0.08, 0.34 0.35
    1st Trimesterb −0.08 −0.22, 0.06 0.27 0.14 −0.05, 0.30 0.10
    2nd Trimesterc −0.06 −0.20, 0.07 0.36 0.11 −0.05, 0.27 0.15
    3rd Trimesterd −0.12 −0.26, 0.02 0.10 0.05 −0.08, 0.18 0.44
Anogenital distance/weight (PA/W) (mm/kg)
  p,p′-DDE (ng/g)
    Base linea −0.02 −0.29, 0.33 0.90 0.15 −0.18, 0.48 0.36
    1st Trimesterb −0.15 −0.37, 0.06 0.16 0.18 −0.07, 0.43 0.15
    2nd Trimesterc −0.03 −0.23, 0.17 0.75 0.09 −0.12, 0.31 0.40
    3rd Trimesterd −0.10 −0.31, 0.11 0.33 0.08 −0.11, 0.29 0.40
a

Adjusted by weight and height at birth, age at evaluation.

b

Adjusted by birth weight, age at evaluation.

c

Adjusted by age at evaluation.

d

Adjusted by age at evaluation, birth weight.

e

All models included weight and age at evaluation.