Table 3. Factors related to 30-day mortality among Clostridium difficile patients in a final multiple logistic regression model, 2009–2012.
| Characteristics | Total patients (n = 510) | simple OR | p value | multiple OR | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alive (n = 483) | Expired (n = 27) | |||||
| Sex female n (%) | 274 (56.7) | 14 (51.9) | 0.82 (0.38–1.79) | 0.619 | ||
| Age median (1Q, 3Q) | 70 (58,77) | 72 (63,78) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.202 | ||
| Charlson's score median (1Q, 3Q) | 3 (1,5) | 5 (2,6) | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) | 0.006 | 1.10 (0.93,1.31) | 0.281 |
| Hospital days median (1Q, 3Q) | 17 (7,42) | 19 (7,47) | 1 (0.99–1.01) | 0.944 | ||
| Admission history within 2 months n (%) | 172 (35.6) | 13 (48.1) | 1.68 (0.77–3.65) | 0.191 | ||
| Medication history n (%) | ||||||
| Antibiotics use within 2 months | 451 (93.4) | 27 (100.0) | 0.998 | |||
| Steroid | 139 (28.8) | 9 (33.3) | 1.24 (0.54–2.82) | 0.612 | ||
| Chemotherapy | 55 (11.4) | 8 (29.6) | 3.28 (1.37–7.84) | 0.008 | 1.71 (0.58,5.0) | 0.328 |
| Immunosuppresants | 22 (4.6) | 1 (3.7) | 0.81 (0.11–6.21) | 0.836 | ||
| PPI use | 180 (37.3) | 13 (48.1) | 1.56 (0.72–3.4) | 0.26 | ||
| PCR ribotype n (%) | ||||||
| Ribotype 017 | 126 (26.1) | 13 (48.1) | 2.63 (1.20–5.75) | 0.015 | 2.14 (0.88,5.22) | 0.094 |
| Ribotype 018 | 150 (31.1) | 7 (25.9) | 0.78 (0.32–1.88) | 0.575 | ||
| Others | 207 (42.9) | 7 (25.9) | 0.47 (0.19–1.12) | 0.089 | ||
| Severity factors n (%) | ||||||
| Old agea | 345 (71.4) | 22 (81.5) | 1.76 (0.65–4.74) | 0.263 | ||
| Feverb | 50 (10.4) | 3 (11.1) | 1.08 (0.32–3.72) | 0.9 | ||
| Leukocytosisc | 83 (17.2) | 11 (40.7) | 3.31 (1.48–7.4) | 0.003 | 2.45 (1.0,6.01) | 0.05 |
| Hypoalbuminemiad | 47 (9.7) | 12 (44.4) | 7.42 (3.28–16.79) | <0.001 | 4.57 (1.83,11.39) | 0.001 |
| Azotemiae | 19 (3.9) | 4 (14.8) | 4.25 (1.34,13.50) | 0.014 | 1.53 (0.38,6.22) | 0.555 |
| PMC in image study | 45/117 (38.5) | 3/8 (37.5) | 0.96 (0.22–4.21) | 0.957 | ||
| CRP median(1Q, 3Q) | 4.1 (1.4,9.1) | 8 (3.4,15.9) | 1.06 (1.02–1.11) | 0.006 | 1.04 (0.99,1.09) | 0.115 |
| Treatment n (%) | ||||||
| Receiving treatment | 307 (63.6) | 19 (70.4) | 1.36 (0.57–3.18) | 0.475 | ||
| Vancomycin use | 26/307 (8.5) | 2/19 (10.5) | 1.27 (0.28–5.81) | 0.757 | ||
PPI, proton pump inhibitor; PMC, pseudomembranous colitis; CRP, C-reactive protein
aAge > 60
bTemperature >38.3°C
cPeripheral WBC > 15,000/mm3
dSerum albumin <2.5 mg/dL
eSerum creatinine level ≥ 1.5 times the premorbid level