Summary of clustering patterns of fecal microbiota from rats fed 11% sugar solutions containing varying fructose-to-glucose ratios or controls by using multidimensional scaling. A distinct clustering pattern of fecal microbiota was observed between rats fed a sugar solution (n = 32) and the control group that received water instead of sugar (n = 10) (A–F). No distinct clustering pattern of fecal microbiota was observed at any phylogenetic level as a result of fructose-to-glucose ratio (n = 10 or 11) (G–L; based on a significance level of P < 0.05). MDS, multidimensional scaling; OTU, operational taxonomic unit; 35F:65G, 35% fructose:65% glucose; 50F:50G, 50% fructose:50% glucose; 65F:35G, 65% fructose:35% glucose.