Table 3. The most enriched functions within the top 40 molecules.
| Disease or function | p-value/top 40 | # molecules/top 40 | p-value/ability | p-value/listening | p-value/practice |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognition | 1.7 * 10−16 | 16 | — | — | 8.3 * 10−8 |
| Memory | 2.0 * 10−14 | 14 | — | 8.5 * 10−11 | 5.6 * 10−6 |
| Learning | 2.5 * 10−14 | 12 | 1.4 * 10−4 | 2.6 * 10−12 | 8.2 * 10−6 |
| Excitation of neurons | 5.4 * 10−12 | 8 | — | 7.8 * 10−7 | 1.6 * 10−7 |
| Quantity of catecholamine | 3.1 * 10−11 | 9 | — | 3.9 * 10−9 | — |
| Apoptosis of brain | 6.2 * 10−11 | 9 | — | — | 2.1 * 10−7 |
| Epilepsy | 7.9 * 10−11 | 10 | — | — | — |
| Behavior | 1.2 * 10−10 | 8 | 2.2 * 10−4 | 1.0 * 10−9 | 1.1 * 10−5 |
| Transcription | 1.6 * 10−10 | 12 | — | 7.5 * 10−8 | — |
| Transcription of RNA | 1.9 * 10−10 | 21 | — | 3.5 * 10−7 | 1.6 * 10−7 |
| Quantity of cells | 2.1 * 10−10 | 22 | — | 3.6 * 10−7 | 1.2 * 10−3 |
| Apoptosis of striatal neurons | 2.4 * 10−10 | 21 | — | 1.1 * 10−4 | 2.5 * 10−6 |
| Apoptosis of neurons | 2.5 * 10−10 | 7 | 1.0 * 10−5 | 5.0 * 10−9 | 9.0 * 10−6 |
| Long-term potentiation of brain | 3.3 * 10−10 | 10 | — | — | — |
| Long-term potentiation | 3.6 * 10−10 | 10 | — | 3.9 * 10−9 | 5.2 * 10−6 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4.2 * 10−10 | 11 | — | 4.7 * 10−8 | — |
| Synthesis of D-glucose | 5.4 * 10−10 | 8 | — | 1.0 * 10−6 | — |
| Expression of RNA | 6.9 * 10−10 | 16 | — | 1.7 * 10−7 | 2.8 * 10−8 |
| Cell death of brain cells | 9.0 * 10−10 | 22 | — | — | 5.1 * 10−7 |
| Glucose metabolism disorder | 9.6 * 10−10 | 10 | — | — | — |
The list of molecules related to each functions is available at Supplementary Table S4. The three rightmost columns show p-values for enrichment of the functions in the three subphenotypes: musical ability, music listening and music practice (analysis included 29, 18 and 29 molecules, respectively).