Table 4.
Composition of the essential oils of the eleven Lamiaceae species.
| Coridothymus capitatus | Lavandula angustifolia | Lavandula stoechas | Mentha spicata subsp. condensata | Origanum syriacum | Rosmarinus officinalis | Salvia fruticosa | Satureja cuneifolia | Satureja thymbra | Thymbra spicata | Vitex agnus-castus | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flowering tops EO | Flowering tops EO | Flowering tops EO | Flowering tops EO | Flowering tops EO | Leaves EO | Leaves EO | Leaves EO | Flowering tops EO | Leaves EO | Flowering tops EO | ||||
| EOs yields (%) | 1.3 | 2.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 0.3 | |||
| Ri a | Ri b | Compound ID | Identificationc | |||||||||||
| 929 | 1035 | α-Thujene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.5 | 0.2 | t | t | 1.0 | 0.1 | t | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
| 938 | 1076 | α-Pinene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 5.4 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 7.1 |
| 953 | 1076 | Camphene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | t |
| 973 | 1132 | Sabinene | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 975 | 1312 | 1-Octene-3-ol | Ri, MS | 0.3 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.5 | — | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | — |
| 980 | 1118 | β-Pinene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | — | 0.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 4.4 |
| 993 | 1174 | Myrcene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| 1005 | 1188 | α-Phellandrene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.2 | 0.1 | t | 0.1 | 0.2 | — | 0.1 | — | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.6 |
| 1013 | 1159 | δ-3-Carene | Ri, MS | 0.1 | 0.3 | — | — | 0.1 | t | — | t | — | 0.1 | — |
| 1013 | 1188 | α-Terpinene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 1.0 | — | 0.2 | t | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
| 1025 | 1280 | p-Cymene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 9.0 | — | — | 0.1 | 6.9 | — | — | 4.1 | 21.7 | 12.2 | — |
| 1030 | 1203 | Limonene | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | — | — | 1.0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1034 | 1213 | Eucalyptol | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | 8.6 | 9.5 | — | — | 21.5 | 57.3 | — | — | — | 20.5 |
| 1045 | 1269 | cis-β-Ocimene | Ri, MS | t | 2.3 | — | — | t | — | — | t | — | t | — |
| 1050 | 1253 | trans-β-Ocimene | Ri, MS | t | 0.3 | t | t | 0.1 | t | t | 0.1 | 0.1 | t | 0.9 |
| 1057 | 1255 | γ-Terpinene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 4.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | t | 7.6 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 13.3 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 0.2 |
| 1058 | 1556 | cis-Sabinene hydrate | Ri, MS | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 1086 | 1265 | α-Terpinolene | Ri, MS | 0.3 | 0.4 | — | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | t | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1079 | 1401 | α-Fenchone | Ri, MS | — | — | 36.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1098 | 1553 | Linalool | Ri, MS | 0.7 | 45.8 | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| 1105 | 1430 | α-Thujone | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.0 | — | — | — | — |
| 1115 | 1449 | β-Thujone | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.9 | — | — | — | — |
| 1116 | 1584 | α-Fenchol | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1117 | — | trans-p-Menth-2-en-1-ol | Ri, MS | 0.1 | — | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | t | t | — |
| 1138 | 1475 | Menthone | Ri, MS | — | — | — | 5.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1145 | 1532 | Camphor | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | 11.2 | 18.0 | — | — | 15.0 | 4.8 | — | — | — | — |
| 1167 | 1719 | Borneol | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.8 | 7.5 | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | 7.9 | 2.1 | t | 0.3 | 0.1 | — |
| 1176 | 1611 | Terpinen-4-ol | Ri, MS | 1.0 | 5.8 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 1182 | 1864 | p-Cymen-8-ol | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1189 | 1706 | α-Terpineol | Ri, MS | 0.2 | — | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.7 |
| 1193 | 1648 | Myrtenal | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1196 | 1804 | Myrtenol | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | — | 0.4 | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1215 | 1772 | Citronellol | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | t |
| 1217 | 1725 | Verbenone | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.3 | — | — | 11.8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1217 | 1845 | trans-Carveol | Ri, MS | — | t | — | — | — | 0.1 | t | — | — | — | — |
| 1227 | 1698 | Myrtenyl acetate | Ri, MS | — | — | 1.0 | t | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1233 | 1662 | Pulegone | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | — | — | 78.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1235 | 1857 | Geraniol | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.1 | — | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | — | — | 0.1 |
| 1239 | 1607 | Thymol methyl ether | Ri, MS | 1.0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1245 | 1975 | Carvacrol methyl ether | Ri, MS | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | 1.4 | 0.1 | t | — |
| 1259 | 1665 | Linalyl acetate | Ri, MS | — | 4.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1284 | 1597 | Bornyl acetate | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | — | 7.0 | 0.5 | — | — | — | t |
| 1293 | 2198 | Thymol | Ri, MS, CoGC | 29.3 | — | — | — | 74.4 | — | 0.4 | — | 44.5 | 0.4 | — |
| 1299 | 2239 | Carvacrol | Ri, MS, CoGC | 41.5 | — | t | — | — | 0.2 | 0.4 | 69.5 | 5.3 | 64.0 | t |
| 1333 | 1709 | α-Terpinyl acetate | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.2 | — | — | — | 1.2 |
| 1343 | 1748 | Piperitone | Ri, MS | — | t | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | t | — | — | — | — |
| 1353 | 2186 | Eugenol | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.1 | — | — | — | t | 0.2 | t | t | 0.1 | t | — |
| 1377 | 1497 | α-Copaene | Ri, MS, | — | — | 1.1 | — | — | — | — | t | — | — | — |
| 1415 | 1612 | β-Caryophyllene | Ri, MS, CoGC | 1.8 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 6.3 | 8.3 | — | 1.2 | 0.5 | 6.6 |
| 1437 | 1628 | Aromadendrene | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | — | — |
| 1452 | 1668 | α-Humulene | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.6 | 1.5 | — | — | — | 0.2 |
| 1455 | 1689 | β-Farnesene | Ri, MS | 0.1 | — | — | 0.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 16.1 |
| 1463 | 1661 | Alloaromadendrene | Ri, MS | 0.1 | — | 0.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1464 | 1685 | γ-Gurjunene | Ri, MS | t | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | 0.1 | t | — | — | 1.2 |
| 1477 | 1726 | Germacrene D | Ri, MS | — | 0.4 | — | 0.2 | t | — | — | 0.4 | — | — | — |
| 1487 | 1679 | α-Amorphene | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | 0.2 |
| 1491 | 1756 | Bicyclogermacrene | Ri, MS | — | — | — | 0.4 | — | — | — | 0.6 | — | — | 11.8 |
| 1508 | 1741 | β-Bisabolene | Ri, MS | 0.2 | — | — | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | — | 2.1 | — | — | — |
| 1526 | 1773 | δ-Cadinene | Ri, MS | 0.1 | — | 1.8 | t | 0.1 | — | 0.3 | 0.1 | t | t | 0.3 |
| 1553 | 2076 | α-Copaene-8-ol | Ri, MS | — | — | 4.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1565 | 2057 | Ledol | Ri, MS, | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.9 |
| 1577 | 2008 | Caryophyllene oxide | Ri, MS, CoGC | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | — | 2.0 | 0.8 | — |
| 1591 | 2104 | Viridiflorol | Ri, MS, | — | — | 3.6 | — | — | — | 1.1 | — | — | — | 0.3 |
| 1625 | 2088 | 1-epi-Cubenol | Ri, MS | — | — | 1.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1640 | 2188 | τ-Cadinol | Ri, MS | — | 0.2 | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1642 | 2209 | τ-Muurolol | Ri, MS | — | — | 1.8 | — | t | — | — | t | — | — | — |
| 1645 | 2145 | Torreyol | Ri, MS | — | — | 1.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1649 | 2256 | α-Cadinol | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.3 |
| 1677 | 2256 | Cadalene | Ri, MS | — | — | 0.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1688 | 2229 | α-Bisabolol | Ri, MS, CoGC | — | 0.1 | — | — | t | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | 0.2 |
| 1689 | 2276 | Vulgarol B | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4.7 |
| 1948 | — | Cembrene A | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.8 |
| 1950 | 2603 | Phytol | Ri, MS | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | — | — | — |
| 1974 | 2408 | Sclarene | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5.1 |
| 1987 | 2447 | (E)-Geranyl linalool | Ri, MS | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3.1 |
|
| ||||||||||||||
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 17.0 | 5.9 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 19.6 | 12.3 | 6.9 | 21.1 | 39.2 | 28.6 | 14.6 | |||
| Oxygenated monoterpenes | 75.8 | 83.9 | 67.6 | 85.9 | 75.6 | 68.4 | 74.6 | 71.5 | 51.7 | 65.2 | 23.1 | |||
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 2.3 | 1 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 1.5 | 9.1 | 11.7 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 36.4 | |||
| Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 0.8 | 0.6 | 15.1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 7.4 | |||
| Diterpene hydrocarbons | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7.9 | |||
| Oxygenated diterpenes | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | — | — | 3.1 | |||
|
| ||||||||||||||
| Total identified | 95.9 | 91.4 | 90.8 | 93.5 | 97.2 | 90.6 | 95.1 | 96.1 | 94.2 | 95.1 | 92.5 | |||
Notes: Bold numbers indicate the percentages higher than 2% to show main components; t = trace, less than 0.05%.
aRetention index on a HP-5MS column. bRetention index on an Innowax column; cRi retention index identical to bibliography; MS: identification based on comparison of mass spectra. Co-GC: retention time identical to authentic compounds.