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. 2016 Dec 22;11(12):e0168973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168973

Fig 4. Cytokine-producing cells profile in lung tissues of dengue fatal cases.

Fig 4

Immunohistochemical analysis of lung sections collected from dengue fatal cases exhibited (a) TNF-α and (b) INF-γ production in alveolar macrophages; (c) IL-10 detected in monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes in alveolar septa; (g) TGF-β produced by numerous macrophages and lymphocytes in the septa; (h) RANTES detected in endothelium cells and several macrophages in pulmonary tissue; (d-f, i and j) quantification of cytokine-expressing cells in the lung sections. Monocyte (Mo); Alveolar macrophage (AM); Endothelium (E); Lymphocytes (Ly). Asterisks indicate differences that are statistically significant between dengue cases and controls (*p < 0.05). Staining controls are shown in S2 Fig.