Table III.

Cross-sectional analysis of z score BMI from birth to adulthood and adult cardiovascular risk outcomes

	Men				Women
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value	β (95% CI)	P value
WC(cm)
Birth	0.95(0.27,1.63)	.007	-0.21(-0.48,0.05)	.1	0.67(0.06,1.29)	.03	0.04(-0.22,0.31)	.8
3 mo	1.22(0.53,1.91)	.001	-0.18(-0.45,0.09)	.2	0.89(0.23,1.55)	.009	-0.08(-0.37,0.20)	.6
6.5 y	0.66(0.03,1.29)	.04	-0.46(-0.72,-0.20)	<.001	0.99(0.39,1.60)	.001	-0.01(-0.27,0.26)	1.0
15 y	4.14(3.66,5.17)	<.001	-0.57(-0.94,-0.20)	.003	3.49(2.82,4.16)	<.001	-0.70(-1.07,-0.33)	<.001
28 y	9.10(8.79,9.41)	<.001	-		8.22(7.91,8.53)	<.001	-
SBP(mm Hg)
Birth	-0.02(-0.78,0.75)	1.0	-0.54(-1.26,0.18)	.1	0.42(-0.35,1.19)	.3	0.14(-0.59,0.87)	.7
3 mo	0.27(-0.50,1.03)	.5	-0.47(-1.19,0.26)	.2	0.68(-0.14,1.51)	.1	0.23(-0.57,1.03)	.6
6.5 y	0.30(-0.43,1.02)	.4	-0.04(-0.73,0.65)	.9	0.20(-0.58,0.99)	.6	-0.15(-0.91,0.61)	.7
15 y	1.60(0.65,2.54)	.001	-0.62(-1.66,0.43)	.2	1.74(0.81,2.66)	<.001	0.17(-0.89,1.22)	.8
28 y	3.91(3.22,4.60)	<.001	-		3.59(2.84,4.33)	<.001	-
Log glucose 120-min(mmol/L)
Birth	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.2	-0.02(-0.04,-0.00)	.03	-0.02(-0.04,0.00)	.05	-0.02(-0.04,-0.00)	.02
3 mo	-0.00(-0.02,0.02)	.9	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.4	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.3	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.4
6.5 y	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.3	-0.02(-0.04,0.01)	.01	-0.02(-0.03,0.00)	.1	-0.03(-0.04,-0.01)	.007
15 y	0.00(-0.02,0.03)	.9	-0.04(-0.07,-0.01)	.003	0.00(-0.02,0.02)	1	-0.03(-0.06,-0.01)	.01
28 y	0.07(0.05,0.09)	<.001	-		0.05(0.03,0.06)	<.001	-
HOMA-IR
Birth	0.06(-0.03,0.14)	.2	0.03(-0.05,0.12)	.4	0.05(-0.04,0.15)	.3	0.03(-0.07,0.13)	.6
3 mo	0.03(-0.05,0.12)	.5	-0.00(-0.09,0.08)	1.0	-0.01(-0.12,0.10)	.8	-0.06(-0.16,0.05)	.3
6.5 y	-0.03(-0.11,0.05)	.5	-0.05(-0.12,0.03)	.3	0.08(-0.02,0.18)	.1	0.05(-0.05,0.15)	.4
15 y	-0.03(-0.13,0.07)	.6	-0.12(-0.23,-0.01)	.04	0.09(-0.03,0.21)	.1	-0.11(-0.25,0.03)	.1
28 y	0.18(0.10,0.26)	<.001	-		0.29(0.19,0.38)	<.001	-
Cholesterol(mmol/L)
Birth	-0.00(-0.06,0.06)	1.0	-0.03(-0.09,0.03)	.3	0.02(-0.04,0.08)	.5	0.01(-0.05,0.06)	.8
3 mo	-0.00(-0.07,0.06)	.9	-0.04(-0.10,0.02)	.2	-0.00(-0.06,0.06)	1.0	-0.02(-0.08,0.04)	.6
6.5 y	-0.01(-0.07,0.04)	.6	-0.06(-0.11,0.00)	.05	0.01(-0.05,0.06)	.9	-0.03(-0.09,0.02)	.3
15 y	0.13(0.06,0.21)	.001	-0.02(-0.10,0.07)	.7	0.03(-0.04,0.10)	.4	-0.10(-0.18,-0.02)	.01
28 y	0.28(0.23,0.34)	<.001	-		0.21(0.15,0.27)	<.001	-
Log triglycerides(mmol/L)
Birth	-0.00(-0.04,0.03)	.9	-0.03(-0.06,0.01)	.1	-0.00(-0.03,0.03)	.8	-0.02(-0.05,0.02)	.3
3 mo	0.02(-0.02,0.05)	.4	-0.01(-0.05,0.02)	.5	0.00(-0.03,0.04)	1.0	-0.02(-0.05,0.02)	.4
6.5 y	-0.01(-0.05,0.02)	.5	-0.04(-0.07,-0.01)	.02	0.02(-0.01,0.05)	.3	-0.01(-0.04,0.02)	.6
15 y	0.07(0.03,0.12)	.001	-0.04(-0.09,0.01)	.1	0.03(-0.01,0.07)	.1	-0.08(-0.12,-0.03)	.001
28 y	0.20(0.16,0.23)	<.001	-		0.17(0.13,0.20)	<.001	-
HDL cholesterol(mmol/L)
Birth	0.00(-0.02,0.02)	.8	0.01(-0.01,0.02)	.5	0.00(-0.01,0.02)	.7	0.01(-0.01,0.02)	.4
3 mo	-0.00(-0.02,0.02)	.8	0.00(-0.02,0.02)	.8	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.3	-0.01(-0.02,0.01)	.6
6.5 y	0.00(-0.01,0.02)	.6	0.01(-0.01,0.02)	.3	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.2	-0.01(-0.03,0.01)	.3
15 y	-0.01(0.03,0.01)	.5	0.01(-0.01,0.04)	.3	-0.02(-0.04,0.01)	.1	0.00(-0.02,0.03)	.8
28 y	-0.02(-0.04,-0.01)	<.001	-		-0.04(-0.05,-0.02)	<.001	-

Separate regression analyses were performed for BMI at each age. β represents unit change in outcome variable with unit change in z BMI. Total number of individuals at each time point were: (males) 981 at birth, 834 at 3 months, 874 at 6.5 years, 558 at 15 years, and 981 at 28 years; and (females): 897 at birth, 779 at 3 months, 806 at 6.5 years, 550 at 15 years, and 897 at 28 years. Model 1 was adjusted for adult age, Model 2 was additionally adjusted for adult size (BMI and height). Other covariates included in both models were age, rural/urban residence (at birth and currently), education, household material possessions, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity.