Table 1. Patient characteristics at ICU admission.
| Characteristic | All (n = 1034) | Alive 90 days after ICU admission (n = 763) | Dead 90 days after ICU admission (n = 271) | P-value* | Patients with missing values, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age—years—median (IQR) | 63 (48–74) | 60 (45–71) | 71 (60–79) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Male gender—no. (%) | 576 (55.7) | 421 (55.2) | 155 (57.2) | 0.57 | 0 (0.0) |
| Initial SOFA score—median (IQR) | 6 (4–8) | 6 (3–7) | 8 (5–11) | < 0.001 | 245 (23.4) |
| SAPS II—median (IQR) | 42 (31–54) | 37 (28–48) | 57 (47–68) | < 0.001 | 180 (17.4) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma or other chronic lung disease—no. (%) | 205 (19.8) | 138 (18.1) | 67 (24.7) | 0.02 | 0 (0.0) |
| Previous myocardial infarction—no. (%) | 103 (10.0) | 63 (8.3) | 40 (14.8) | 0.002 | 0 (0.0) |
| Severe chronic heart failure (NYHA 3–4)—no. (%) | 56 (5.4) | 22 (2.9) | 34 (12.6) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Chronic renal failure—no. (%) | 74 (7.2) | 45 (5.9) | 29 (10.7) | 0.008 | 0 (0.0) |
| Liver cirrhosis or increased bilirubin (> 33 μmol/l)—no. (%) | 124 (12.5) | 79 (10.8) | 45 (17.2) | 0.007 | 38 (3.7) |
| Metastatic cancer—no. (%) | 46 (4.5) | 23 (3.0) | 23 (8.5) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Active hematologic cancer—no. (%) | 36 (3.5) | 17 (2.2) | 19 (7.0) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| AIDS—no. (%) | 3 (0.3) | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 1.0 | 0 (0.0) |
| Immunosuppression**—no. (%) | 50 (4.8) | 33 (4.3) | 17 (6.3) | 0.20 | 0 (0.0) |
| Coagulopathy on ICU admission***—no. (%) | 128 (12.4) | 68 (8.9) | 60 (22.1) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Comorbidities—no. (%) | |||||
| 0 | 501 (48.5) | 414 (54.3) | 87 (32.1) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| 1 | 318 (30.8) | 232 (30.4) | 86 (31.7) | 0.68 | 0 (0.0) |
| 2 | 153 (14.8) | 96 (12.6) | 57 (21.0) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| 3 | 46 (4.5) | 16 (2.1) | 30 (11.1) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| > 3 | 16 (1.6) | 5 (0.7) | 11 (4.1) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Mechanical ventilation on ICU admission—no. (%) | 544 (52.6) | 377 (49.4) | 167 (61.6) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
| Circulatory support on ICU admission—no. (%) | 469 (45.7) | 293 (38.6) | 176 (65.7) | < 0.001 | 7 (0.7) |
| Renal replacement therapy on ICU admission—no. (%) | 70 (6.8) | 36 (4.7) | 34 (12.6) | < 0.001 | 0 (0.0) |
* For the comparison of patients stratified by 90-day mortality.
** Defined as treatment with at least 0.3 mg/kg/day of prednisolone equivalent for one month or longer in the 6 months prior to ICU admission.
*** Platelets < 50 * 109/l (50,000 mm3) and/or International Normalised Ratio (INR) > 1.5 during current hospital admission.
IQR: Interquartile range; NYHA: New York Heart Association Functional Classification; AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.