Table 8. Gender comparison of the academic productivity of those surgeons ≤5 years after completion of their thoracic surgery fellowship.

Variables	All surgeons				Cardiac surgeons only				Thoracic surgeons only
	Female	Male	PKW		Female	Male	PKW		Female	Male	PKW
Total publications	12 (0–52; 5–23)	19 (0–119; 9–35)	0.25		5 (0–27; 0–8.5)	18 (0–119; 8–36.25)	0.18		20 (6–52; 11.75–28.75)	21 (0–68; 11–34)	0.94
Publications as first or only author	5 (0–37; 0–8.5)	6.5 (0–60; 2–12.25)	0.34		0 (0–7; 0–5.5)	5 (0–60; 1.75–12.25)	0.046		8.5 (0–37; 4.75–12.25)	7 (0–30; 3.75–12.25)	0.56
Publications as middle author	5 (0–31; 2.5–8.5)	10 (0–42; 6–19)	0.01		0 (0–19; 0–5)	9.5 (0–42; 5.75–18.25)	0.008		7 (5–31; 5–10)	10.5 (0–38; 7.75–20)	0.25
Publications as last, but not only author	0 (0–9; 0–1.5)	1 (0–20; 0–3)	0.25		0 (0–2; 0–0)	1 (0–20; 0–3)	0.03		1 (0–9; 0.75; 2.5)	1 (0–15; 0–3)	0.68
Citations	128 (0–1,061; 7–259)	223 (0–1,562; 39–518)	0.17		6.5 (0–173; 0.75–28)	124 (0–1,433; 26–385)	0.017		244 (6–1,061; 138–464.8)	373.5 (0–1,562; 96.25–662.5)	0.68
H index	6 (0–17; 2–8)	7 (0–41; 3–11)	0.30		2 (0–6; 1–3)	5 (0–41; 3–10.5)	0.045		7.5 (2–17; 6.5–9.5)	9 (0–18; 5–11.75)	0.74

Data presented as median (range; IQR). ^KW, Kruskal-Wallis test.