Table 2.

Species assumptions that remained constant across both models and sets of visual assumptions (i.e. classic versus realistic). Values obtained from the literature according to: group size (number of individuals in the group), speed (body lengths per second, BL s⁻¹), minimum separation distance in terms of body length (BL) and the maximum turning angle per each species measured in degrees (see electronic supplementary material), analysed from video (electronic supplementary material) [49].

species	group size	speed	minimum separation	maximum turning angle
European starling	30 [54]	50 BL s−1 [55]	1 BL [8]	131° [49]
red-winged blackbird	100 [56]	40 BL s−1 [57]	1 BL [56]	132° [49]
golden shiner	45 [58]	1 BL s−1 [59]	1 BL [60]	134° [49]
zebrafish	10 [61]	5 BL s−1 [62]	1 BL [63]	87° [49]