Fig. 1.
Incidence of antibiotic use in the first two years of life by study site among 2134 children in the MAL-ED birth cohort, 2009–2014
MAL-ED: Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development Project.
Notes: Incidence was calculated using restricted quadratic splines for age.41 The total number of antibiotic courses was 16913. Number of antibiotic courses at study sites: Dhaka (Bangladesh) n = 4062; Fortaleza (Brazil) n = 235; Vellore (India) n = 1730; Bhaktapur (Nepal) n = 1065; Naushahro Feroze (Pakistan) n = 5142; Loreto (Peru) n = 2447; Venda (South Africa) n = 534; Haydom (United Republic of Tanzania) n = 1698.
