Table 2. Proportion of illness episodes treated with antibiotics among children in the MAL-ED cohort, by study site, 2009–2014.
| Study site | Total no. of children | Episodes of diarrhoeaa |
Episodes of respiratory illnessa |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-bloody |
Bloody |
Non-specific respiratory tract illness |
Acute lower respiratory tract illness |
|||||||||
| Total no. | Antibiotic treated, no. (%) | Total no. | Antibiotic treated, no. (%) | Total no. | Antibiotic treated, no. (%) | Total no. | Antibiotic treated, no. (%) | |||||
| Bhaktapur (Nepal) | 240 | 1 027 | 284 (27.7) | 50 | 42 (84.0) | 1 873 | 379 (20.2) | 442 | 221 (50.0) | |||
| Dhaka (Bangladesh) | 265 | 1 597 | 914 (57.2) | 73 | 58 (79.5) | 4 284 | 2 391 (55.8) | 214 | 184 (86.0) | |||
| Fortaleza (Brazil) | 233 | 176 | 17 (9.7) | 4 | 2 (50.0) | 393 | 135 (34.4) | 38 | 18 (47.4) | |||
| Haydom (United Republic of Tanzania) | 262 | 539 | 260 (48.2) | 84 | 62 (73.8) | 1 285 | 799 (62.2) | 114 | 79 (69.3) | |||
| Loreto (Peru) | 303 | 3 111 | 1 817 (58.4) | 101 | 82 (81.2) | 1 720 | 777 (45.2) | 2 072 | 1 386 (66.9) | |||
| Naushahro Feroze (Pakistan) | 277 | 1 988 | 695 (35.0) | 114 | 97 (85.1) | 3 895 | 1 332 (34.2) | 237 | 158 (66.7) | |||
| Vellore (India) | 251 | 913 | 220 (24.1) | 61 | 28 (45.9) | 2 325 | 539 (23.2) | 698 | 278 (39.8) | |||
| Venda (South Africa) | 303 | 311 | 67 (21.5) | 12 | 4 (33.3) | 967 | 256 (26.5) | 128 | 60 (46.9) | |||
| All sites | 2 134 | 9 662 | 4 274 (44.2) | 499 | 375 (75.2) | 16 742 | 6 608 (39.5) | 3 943 | 2 384 (60.5) | |||
MAL-ED: Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development Project.
a 1201 children had one or more episodes of diarrhoea; 1672 children had one or more episodes of respiratory illness.