Table 1.
Clinical characteristics among participants in the DCCT/EDIC cohort by CAN status at DCCT closeout and EDIC year 13/14
| Characteristics | DCCT closeout (1993) | EDIC year 13/14 (2006/2007) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No CAN | CAN | No CAN | CAN | |||
| N | 1,262 | 131 | 770 | 340 | ||
| Age (years) | 33 ± 7 | 37 ± 7 | * | 47 ± 7 | 50 ± 7 | * |
| Female sex | 588 (47) | 70 (53) | 358 (46) | 166 (49) | ||
| Intensive group | 638 (51) | 52 (40) | † | 415 (54) | 159 (47) | † |
| Secondary cohort | 595 (47) | 93 (71) | * | 349 (45) | 191 (56) | * |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 12 ± 5 | 14 ± 5 | * | 25 ± 5 | 26 ± 5 | * |
| Current cigarette smoker | 291 (23) | 28 (22) | 85 (11) | 65 (19) | * | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 29 ± 6 | † | |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| Systolic | 116 ± 11 | 121 ± 14 | * | 118 ± 13 | 124 ± 16 | * |
| Diastolic | 74 ± 9 | 77 ± 9 | * | 73 ± 8 | 74 ± 10 | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 70 ± 29 | 76 ± 13 | * | 67 ± 10 | 72 ± 12 | * |
| Lipids (mg/dL) | ||||||
| HDL cholesterol | 51 ± 13 | 52 ± 13 | 56 ± 16 | 57 ± 17 | ||
| LDL cholesterol | 113 ± 29 | 118 ± 35 | 103 ± 29 | 103 ± 35 | ||
| Total cholesterol | 181 ± 33 | 190 ± 42 | * | 175 ± 34 | 177 ± 41 | |
| Triglycerides | 84 ± 47 | 100 ± 58 | * | 79 ± 57 | 89 ± 65 | * |
| Renal function | ||||||
| Sustained microalbuminuria‡ | 114 (9) | 35 (27) | * | 72 (10) | 88 (27) | * |
| Macroalbuminuria§ | 18 (1) | 11 (9) | * | 19 (3) | 36 (11) | * |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.2 ± 1.6 | 8.9 ± 1.8 | * | 7.7 ± 1.1 | 8.0 ± 1.3 | * |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 66 ± 17 | 74 ± 20 | * | 61 ± 12 | 64 ± 14 | * |
| DCCT/EDIC time-weighted mean HbA1c (%) | 8.1 ± 1.4 | 8.8 ± 1.6 | * | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 8.3 ± 1.0 | * |
| DCCT/EDIC time-weighted mean HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 65 ± 15 | 73 ± 17 | * | 62 ± 10 | 67 ± 11 | * |
| EDIC updated mean HbA1c (%) | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 8.2 ± 1.2 | * | |||
| EDIC updated mean HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 62 ± 10 | 67 ± 13 | * | |||
Data are means ± SD or n (%), unless otherwise noted. n is based on the number of subjects still at risk for a CVD event at each point in time.
*P < 0.01 by the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the χ2 test comparing No CAN vs. CAN.
†P < 0.05 by the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the χ2 test comparing No CAN vs. CAN.
‡Sustained AER ≥30 mg/24 h at two consecutive visits or ESRD defined as dialysis or renal transplantation.
§AER ≥300 mg/24 h or ESRD.