Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Children With Tuberculosis (TB) and TB/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection
| Characteristic | All (N = 62) | TB (N = 34) | TB/HIV (N = 28) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) age (y) | 5.0 (2.8–8.9) | 5.3 (2.3–10.7) | 4.9 (3.3–8.0) | .554 |
| Age (y) | ||||
| <2 | 10 (16.1%) | 5 (14.7%) | 5 (17.9%) | .737 |
| ≥2 | 52 (83.9%) | 29 (85.3%) | 23 (82.1%) | |
| Age (y) | ||||
| <5 | 29 (46.8%) | 15 (44.1%) | 14 (50.0%) | .644 |
| ≥5 | 33 (53.2%) | 19 (55.9%) | 14 (50.0%) | |
| Male sex | 32 (51.6%) | 18 (52.9%) | 14 (50.0%) | .818 |
| Median (IQR) body weight (kg) | 14.0 (8.8–19.7) | 15.0 (9.1–22.2) | 13.0 (7.5–16.9) | .118 |
| Median (IQR) height (cm) | 98.0 (84.0–120.0) | 104.0 (84.0–131.0) | 96.0 (74.0, 113.0) | .109 |
| Nutritional status | ||||
| Median (IQR) weight-for-age Z scorea | −2.7 (−4.0– −1.6) | −2.3 (−3.0– −1.4) | −2.9 (−4.3– −2.0) | .048 |
| Median (IQR) height-for-age Z score | −2.0 (−3.0– −1.5) | −1.8 (−2.4– −1.2) | −2.9 (−4.2– −1.8) | .001 |
| Median (IQR) midarm circumference | 14. 0 (11.9–16.5) | 15.0 (13.0–16.5) | 13.0 (11.2–16.0) | .207 |
| Median (IQR) head circumference | 48.0 (46.0–50.0) | 48.5 (47.0, 51.0) | 47.0 (46.0–49.0) | .080 |
| Median (IQR) drug dose (mg/kg) | ||||
| Isoniazid | 11.1 (9.0–13.2) | 11.4 (9.6–1 3.2) | 10.3 (7.1–12.9) | .296 |
| Rifampin | 16.3 (13.8–19.8) | 17.0 (14.9–19.8) | 15.7 (13.4–18.7) | .250 |
| Pyrazinamide | 26.6 (23.7–32.0) | 27.2 (24.7–33.0) | 26.1 (23.0–30.1) | .336 |
| Ethambutol | 18.4 (15.8–22.0) | 19.1 (16.5–22.7) | 17.4 (15.3–20.2) | .220 |
| TB disease classification | .001 | |||
| Pulmonary | 48 (77.4%) | 21 (61.8%) | 27 (96.4%) | |
| Extrapulmonary | 14 (22.6%) | 13 (38.2%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| Outcomeb | .279 | |||
| Completed treatment | 54 (88.5%) | 31 (93.34%) | 23 (82.1%) | |
| Died | 2 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (7.1%) | |
| Lost to follow-up | 5 (8.2%) | 2 (6.1%) | 3 (10.7%) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
aThe software could not calculate weight-for-age Z score for 15 participants who were >10 years old.
bParent withdrew consent for 1 child after pharmacokinetic sampling.