Table 2.
Cox Proportional Hazards Models for 7-Year Mortality Due to All Causes in Adults in the HEPESE, Wave 4–6, Main Effects and Significant Factors From Full Model, HR (95% CI)
| Total sample | Women | Men | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of person-years | 7,824 | 4,940 | 2,884 |
| No. of deaths | 644 | 365 | 279 |
| Model 1: chamomile, unadjusted | 0.71 (0.55–0.92) | 0.67 (0.49–0.92) | 0.95 (0.64–1.40) |
| Model 2: chamomile adjusted for demographicsa | 0.78 (0.62–0.99) | 0.71 (0.53–0.95) | 0.95 (0.64–1.41) |
| Model 3: chamomile adjusted for demographics and healthb | 0.79 (0.62–1.00) | 0.73 (0.55–0.98) | 0.92 (0.62–1.36) |
| Model 4: full modelc | |||
| Chamomile | 0.78 (0.60–1.02) | 0.72 (0.53–0.98) | 0.86 (0.56–1.31) |
| Age | 1.07 (1.05–1.08) | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) | 1.07 (1.04–1.09) |
| Female | 0.55 (0.45–0.66) | ||
| Married | 1.05 (0.94–1.16) | 1.05 (0.91–1.21) | 1.05 (0.90–1.22) |
| U.S. born | 1.26 (1.08–1.48) | 1.27 (1.03–1.58) | 1.23 (0.95–1.58) |
| Diabetes | 1.48 (1.22–1.78) | 1.36 (1.07–1.72) | 1.67 (1.19–2.34) |
| ADL limitations | 1.19 (1.14–1.24) | 1.19 (1.13–1.25) | 1.21 (1.12–1.31) |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.28 (1.08–1.52) | 1.21 (0.97–1.52) | 1.37 (1.04–1.81) |
| Under weight | 1.79 (1.08–2.95) | 2.31 (1.08–4.93) | 1.36 (0.64–2.89) |
| Obese | 0.77 (0.63–0.94) | 0.87 (0.65–1.17) | 0.64 (0.47–0.88) |
aAdjusted for age, sex (total sample only), marital status, education, financial strain, and nativity.
bAdjusted for all in two and hypertension, heart attack, diabetes, and arthritis.
cFull model also adjusted for education, financial strain, hypertension, heart attack, arthritis, smoking, and alcohol use.