Table 2.

Summary of Major Multivariate Analyses Models were assessed with and without average adipocyte cell size. Parameter estimates for sex are the differences associated with male vs. female sex and parameter estimates for ethnicity are the differences associated with Caucasian vs. Native American ethnicity

		Without adipocyte cell size		With adipocyte cell size
Independent variable	Dependent variable	p value	Parameter estimate [95% CIe]	p value	Parameter estimate [95% CIe]
BasLipa	%Fat	<0.0001	12.50 [10.4, 14.7]	<0.0001	7.9 [5.7, 10.2]
IpLipa	%Fat	<0.0001	8.70 [6.3, 11.0]	0.80	0.3 [−2.3, 3.0]
Sex	BasLipa	<0.0001	0.11 [0.06, 0.17]	<0.0001	0.12 [0.07, 0.18]
%Fat		<0.0001	0.02 [0.02, 0.02]	<0.0001	0.01 [0.01, 0.02]
AVCSb	BasLipa	<0.001	0.56 [0.46, 0.66]	-	-
Age		0.30	0.01 [−0.00, 0.01]	-	-
Sex		0.63	0.01 [−0.04, 0.06]	-	-
AVCSb	24hRQ	0.37	−0.010 [−0.031, 0.012]	-	-
Age		0.71	0.000 [−0.001, 0.001]	-	-
EnBalc		0.03	0.000 [0.000, 0.000]	-	-
Sex		0.43	0.005 [−0.008, 0.018]	-	-
%Fat		0.29	0.000 [−0.001, 0.000]	-	-
AVCSb	Lipid oxidation	0.44	72.1 [−112.6, 256.7]	-	-
Fat mass		0.05	4.67 [−0.06, 9.40]	-	-
FF massd		0.09	5.30 [−0.92, 11.51]	-	-
Age		0.82	0.81 [−6.07, 7.70]	-	-
Sex		0.76	25.0 [−135.7, 185.8]	-	-
EnBalc		<0.0001	−0.54 [−0.74, −0.35]	-	-
BasLipa	24hRQ	<0.01	−0.016 [−0.024, −0.008]	<0.01	−0.017 [−0.025, −0.009]
Age		0.56	0.000 [−0.001, 0.001]	0.56	0.000 [−0.001, 0.001]
EnBalc		0.07	0.000 [−0.000, 0.000]	0.07	0.000 [−0.000, 0.000]
Sex		0.50	−0.005 [−0.018, 0.009]	0.50	−0.005 [−0.018, 0.009]
%Fat		0.33	0.000 [−0.001, 0.000]	0.38	0.000 [−0.001, 0.000]
BasLipa	Lipid oxidation	0.04	164.8 [5.7, 323.9]	0.04	186.1 [3.0, 369.1]
Fat mass		0.06	4.61 [−0.24, 9.47]	0.06	4.85 [−0.12, 9.83]
FF massd		0.17	4.52 [−1.90, 10.94]	0.16	4.67 [−1.80, 11.15]
Age		0.52	2.22 [−4.68, 9.12]	0.47	2.62 [−4.50, 9.74]
Sex		0.56	47.8 [−113.4, 208.9]	0.63	39.9 [−125.2, 205.0]
EnBalc		<0.0001	−0.52 [−0.72, −0.32]	<0.0001	−0.52 [−0.73, −0.32]
AVCSb	Rate of fat mass change	0.01	−0.95 [−1.28, −0.62]	-	-
Fat mass		0.53	−0.01 [−0.03, 0.01]	-	-
Ethnicity		<0.01	2.96 [1.41, 4.51]	-	-
Sex		0.62	0.08 [−1.54, 1.70]	-	-
Age		0.37	0.28 [−0.08, 0.64]	-	-
BasLipa	Rate of weight change	0.02	−1.49 [−2.85, −0.15]	0.03	−1.53 [−2.95, −0.11]
Weight		0.01	0.02 [0.00, 0.04]	0.01	0.02 [0.00, 0.04]
Ethnicity		0.53	0.57 [−1.25, 2.39]	0.53	0.57 [−1.25, 2.40]
Sex		0.78	−0.11 [−0.84, 0.63]	0.82	−0.09 [−0.88, 0.70]
Age		0.39	−0.03 [−0.09, 0.04]	0.39	−0.03 [−0.09, 0.04]
BasLipa	Rate of fat mass change	0.08	−0.97 [−2.04, 0.10]	0.06	−1.11 [−2.24, 0.01]
Fat mass		0.97	0.00 [−0.02, 0.02]	0.87	0.00 [−0.02, 0.02]
Ethnicity		0.47	0.58 [−0.85, 2.01]	0.44	0.56 [−0.87, 1.99]
Sex		0.49	0.25 [−0.81, 0.31]	0.55	−0.18 [−0.76, 0.41]
Age		0.26	−0.03 [−0.08, 0.03]	0.32	−0.03 [−0.08, 0.03]

^aBasLip=Basal lipolysis and IpLip=isoproterenol stimulated lipolysis

^bAVCS=Average cell size

^cEnBal=Energy balance

^dFF mass=Fat free mass

^e95% CI=95% confidence interval