Table 1.

Demographics of mechanically ventilated premature infants by exposure to any sedatives, analgesics or paralytics from 1997 to 2012.

	Any exposure N=32,058 (%)	No exposure N= 53,853 (%)
Male	17,706 (55)	28,224 (52)
SGA	5550 (17)	7526 (14)
GA (weeks)
≤25	12,895 (40)	12,345 (23)
26–28	13,150 (41)	23,758 (44)
29–32	6013 (19)	17,750 (33)
PNA (days)
≤ 1	28,749 (90)	49,516 (92)
2–7	1283 (4)	1917 (4)
8–28	1253 (4)	1718 (3)
>28	773 (2)	702 (1)
Race/Ethnicity
White	14,898 (48)	23,967 (46)
Black	8184 (26)	14,377 (28)
Hispanic	6476 (21)	10,893 (21)
Other	1562 (5)	2660 (5)
Major congenital anomaly	3355 (10)	3275 (6)
High frequency ventilation	18,281 (57)	12,797 (24)
Inotropic support	18,222 (57)	12,514 (23)